... we regard as democracies Weber regarded as mixed or transitional forms. What he focuses on instead is the modern state as found only in the West, and its unique features, especially the form of parliamentary representation of the play of interests, but even more important, the concept of offices...

... theoretical framework. Ibn Khaldun’s work describes how dynasties took power by making use of the close-knit solidarity of the tribe, before the emergence of modern states. Modern despotic regimes are not produced by ‘asabiyya, but, in fact, they produce it. religious wars ethnic conflicts...

... with the state, as well as the difference between Ibn Khaldun s state (rooted in tribal solidarities) and the modern state. The relationship of identity politics to modernity, the involvement of the masses in the political sphere, and the creation of new frameworks and reference points for demands based...

...This chapter discusses the arts of government in relation to the practices of engine science and suggests that a form of “engineering governmentality” develops that cuts across and undergirds different manifestations of the modern state. It draws out the implications of the analysis in association...

... of the more restricted depth and breadth of the polity horizon. The intensity achievable through the high modern state in terms of its three peaks of sovereignty, constituent power, and citizenship implies a claim to be source and container of 1193 collective action for a political community which is only...

... by elaborating on Islamism’s oppositional character. Islamism, the chapter claims, sets forth a perpetually-ongoing and ever-changing task for the modern state to be religious, a task that is impossible to complete. Hence, Islamism is inherently oppositional no matter how religious a state aspires or manages...

... European military despotism Victorian England medieval frame of reference in nationality principle emancipation settlement colonies Algeria Greece Syria Egypt European conquest industrial revolution modern state In Egypt, Muhammad Ali, leader of the Albanian contingent, took power in 1805...

... modern state emancipation Islam Christianity Since the Enlightenment, it had been well understood that, in order to survive, the Muslim state had to be reformed. That was the condition for its remaining within the framework of the European balance of powers, which had become global via the Indian...

...What is the modern state? Conspicuously undertheorized in recent political theory, this question persistently animated the best minds of the Enlightenment. Recovering David Hume and Adam Smith's underappreciated contributions to the history of political thought, this book considers how, following...

...This chapter reports the development of representative democracy, and also explores the problem of the authority of the state in representative democracies. The modern state became a relationship of rule by human beings over human beings in an explicitly demarcated territory resting...

... of public health, Johann Peter Frank (1745–1821), who wrote a work on medicine and announced with certainty that people get sick because social conditions make them sick. They considered the individual's health to be the foundation of the strength of the modern state, which depended on healthy workers...

... and their impact on state attitudes and policy, and the importance of the agency of Travellers themselves. It highlights the lessons Traveller history can offer in understanding modern state expansion, notably the extent of its ambitions and inherent tensions between different levels of government. ‘Gypsy studies...

... democracy in Catalonia and Scotland and for the modern state in Spain and the United Kingdom. This chapter also re-evaluates the utility of the concept of political class as an analytical tool. political classes political regionalisation political professionalisation regional democracy Catalonia Spain...

...This chapter begins with the historical perspective of the systems of identification. The modern state and society are required to have systems of identification to identify their citizenry for various purposes. Systems of identification have long been used to govern bureaucratic administrations...

... of the modern state. It then considers whether sovereignty is still relevant in understanding the external side of the state, and, if so, how the meaning of sovereignty has changed over time. It also assesses the perspective of compliance with sovereignty norms, along with regulative ideas such as objectivity...

... structure social structure modern state The Enlightenment, as a historical term, is intimately linked to the Ancien Régime: both describe historical constructs that once seemed more French than European, at least in origin, and although the term ‘Ancien Régime’ acquired its meaning only...

... to be enforced. international state theories legal science modern state violence monopoly political science science state theory bureaucracies domination Herrschaft Hennis Wilhelm legal positivist theorists legitimacy sociology states historical perspective in modern state violence monopoly Popitz...

...This chapter is concerned with a central dilemma in the relationship between religion and the modern State. Liberal democratic states seek to accommodate a great range of cultures and ideological beliefs, and the law has been progressively shaped to make such accommodation by requiring equal...

...This chapter discusses the beginnings of a modern state in Romania, which became perceptible between the outbreak of the Greek War for Independence in 1821 and the revolutions of 1848. Moldavia and Wallachia both became closer to union and independence, thanks to the unrelenting efforts of a new...