...—and later to services—’ ( Chenery, 1988 ). In the aftermath of the 1929 crisis, criticisms of free trade and laissez-faire policies led to a shift to Keynesian policies in the industrialised countries on the one hand, and to the development of a structuralist approach in the developing economies...

...Robert A. Blecker; Arslan Razmi FOC: A real depreciation (lower relative price of exports) with respect to competing developing countries in industrialised country markets for manufactures will boost short-run growth in the devaluing country but reduce it in the competing...

... is not endangered by demographic ageing alone. Most western industrialised countries have experienced augmented withdrawal of older workers from the labour market, thereby sustaining the financial pressure on contemporary pension systems. This chapter illustrates in detail possible policy solutions for reform...

...This study of the problems confronting institutions for the creation of occupational skills in seven advanced industrialised countries contributes to two different areas of debate. The first is the study of the diversity of institutional forms taken by modern capitalism, and the difficulties...

...This chapter examines in detail the changes that have occurred in the societal environment. This has led to the situation of growing social insecurity in the globalised world and to the present economic crisis. It studies the new approaches in industrialised countries and the expansion of social...

...Distinguishing between less developed, or developing, countries, on the one hand, and newly industrialised countries (NICs) on the other, the chapter discusses, first, the extent and causes of corruption in these countries; second the effects of corruption there, and finally, attempts to combat...

..., all rights are reserved. The chapter starts by considering the extent to which development benefits from philanthropic effort, showing that a great deal of philanthropy in rich industrialised countries is aimed at domestic concerns, and may vary with household income; the super‐rich are treated here...