... the UK’s withdrawal from the EU and a global health crisis. Moreover, the twenty first century UK policing brand has fragmented in terms of its international delivery with the advent of PSNI and Police Scotland with their own international policing agendas. In England and Wales, the forty-three...

...Exporting the UK Policing Brand 1989–2021. Georgina Sinclair, Oxford University Press. © Georgina Sinclair 2022. DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198743200.003.0008 This chapter considers the international policing activities of Police Scotland and PSNI and the development of their own brands...

... Northern Ireland s PSNI, Scotland s Police Scotland, the forty-t hree constabularies within England and Wales as well as a cluster of niche police including the Ministry of Defence Police (MDP) and the British Transport Police. What has helped UK police succeed internationally when it did and if at all...