...: ethics of science, ethical neutrality, professional ethics, Marxism- Leninism, humanist ideals, USSR, bioethics The study of ethical problems in science has reached the following stage: on the one hand, heated debates breed ever new publica- tions, and new groups of problems demand theoretical...

... provided in the framework of Marxist-Leninist medical ethics is based on rationality and humanity. Medical ethics socialist values health promotion care of the dying euthanasia Marxism-Leninism German Democratic Republic bioethics ERNST LUTHER MEDICAL ETHICS IN THE GERMAN...

...Gyorgy Adam gratuity Hungary Marxism-Leninism medical ethics remuneration © 1989 by The Society for Health and Human Values 1989 Abstract The habit of giving a gratuity became so frequent at the end of the 1950's that counter-measures were enacted. These have been completely ineffective...

... be reasonable from an historical point of view, it can no longer be justified ethically as an all-embracing medical system, since it does not provide equitable health care for the people. Key Words: Marxism-Leninism, Chinese health care, People's Republic of China, equitable health care, public health...

... care, Marxism-Leninism, USSR, bioethics SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS, SOCIAL PROGRESS, AND HEALTH Undoubtedly, the achievements of civilization and social progress are not limited to the present results of human activity. However, the present achievements do...

.... Special attention is given to the interdependence of moral-ethical problems with organizational issues. Key Words: professional ethics, medical ethics, moral relations, perestroika, socialism, Marxism-Leninism, USSR, bioethics Achieving higher level and higher quality of medical services...

... USSR Cuban Revolution Haitian Revolution Hobsbawn Eric Marxism Mexico Oakeshott Michael Quietism New York Times Crist Charlie Fagen Richard Guevara Che Ideology Mesa Lagos Carmelo Castro Raúl Gramsci Antonio Intellectuals Marxism Leninism Organic intellectuals Puerto Rico Tejera...

...This chapter discusses the introduction of Marxism to Russia and rise of Leninism. First, it discusses Georgy Plekhanov's role in introducing Marxism in Russia and Nikolai Chernyshevsky's influence over Russia's revolutionary intelligentsia. Before the advent of Marxism, it was Russia's...

...This chapter examines Vladimir Lenin’s claim that the Soviet was an “organ of struggle” and an “organ of power” in relation to the current class composition. It considers the new reality of power that confronts working-class struggle today. In particular, it explores some differences that arise...

..., to the dictatorship of the proletariat. The antagonism of the capital relation not only needs to be dominated from within, from the organization of Soviets as organs of power, but must also be destroyed by the Soviets’ initiative as organs of struggle and insurrection. This is the red thread in Vladimir Lenin’s...

...The first section of this chapter describes Stalin and Soviet foreign policy, including ideology and criminality. Like German war aims, those of the Soviet Union in the Second World War were largely decided by one man operating within an ideology, though Soviet Marxism–Leninism was less...

... Africa Castro Fidel cinema Cuba Eurocommunism Ho Chi Minh Hungarian uprising 1956 imperialism India Latin America Marxism Leninism Nepal nuclear war threat of Priestland David Vietnam Asia communism folk music freedom Ali Tariq Badiou Alain financial crisis 2008 utopia abstraction...

..., humanism, nationalism, socialism, and Marxism-Leninism. The chapter ends by bringing Cuban history up to the present-day U.S. embargo (as well as internal economic decline) and diaspora community. Cuba Cuban Economic Research Project Cuban Revolution 1959 Socialism Spain Afro Cuban population Asian...

...As a political variety within Leninism, different from what is usually called national communism, national Stalinism systematically opposed any form of liberalisation, let alone democratisation. Reactionary and self-centered, it valued autarky and exclusiveness. The fundamental values...

...-Leninism and from Soviet ideology on the “Non-Capitalist” path to development had a great deal to do with the authoritarian political culture that survived British colonialism and imperialism through decolonization and independence. Marxism-Leninism complicated the process but was not necessary...

... as a Leninist party, one that has built centralized institutions—blended with a ruthless amorality—to govern the country and achieve its nationalist mission. Together, it argues, the Party’s nationalist orientation helps set the ends of Chinese grand strategy, while Leninism provides an instrument for realizing...

...Khrushchev was overthrown by his associates in the Politburo in October 1964. The new collective leadership proceeded to institutionalize a regime I call “Bureaucratic Leninism.” This is a top-down vision of the centralized communist party “scientifically managing” society, and doing so through...

... on officials of the party-state had broken the self-confidence and sense of impunity of many bureaucrats who might otherwise have attempted to sabotage economic reforms that threatened to reduce their powers. By contrast, the long Brezhnev era of Bureaucratic Leninism had allowed—indeed, encouraged...

.... These states took varied paths, and few bases remained among them for a joint, anti-imperialist struggle. Moreover, in three of the five cases, Market Leninism made any such traditional ideas of struggle a threat to the economic prosperity on which they relied for political legitimacy. Some nostalgia...

... in the 1980s, to market Leninism on the Chinese model. This has created wealth, but much of it has been diverted, lining the pockets of the party and military elites who run the country. Communism came to power in Laos in 1975 and remains in power to this day, yet the regime remains very much under the radar...