... of the epistle called ‘To Hebrews’. They added in a note at the conclusion of the text that the letter had been written by Paul from Italy. These opinions became traditional. Yet, everyone of these points—Paul's authorship, the place of writing, the identity of those addressed, and even whether Hebrews...

... of African inhabitants with the Hebrews. King Solomon legend of Ophir Sheba Queen of Arabia Arabian conversion converts Egypt Egyptians Esther Falasha Flavius Josephus Haile Selassie Herodotus Kebra Nagast Kush children of Muhammad Phoenicians Sons of Judah Arabs Great Zimbabwe King David...

... American Jewish history became an academic field and on how amateur historians developed a consensual understanding of the meaning and importance of the Civil War for Jews. These Jewish historical writings include Isaac Markens's The Hebrews in America (1888) and Simon Wolf's...

... Hebrew “theocracy.” The chapter contends that Spinoza’s history of ancient Israel functions as a case study in how a people acquired and preserved a state of nondomination. It contends, further, that on the basis of the Hebrew case, Spinoza fashions a novel conception of civil religion that assigns...

..., masters of gymnastics, and teachers, but “the royal art of prescribing cannot be defined on the basis of the pastorate.” Foucault then focuses on the subject of the Hebrews and Christianity. Agamemnon Plato Gogol Nikolai Gregory I the Great Pope Rule of St Benedict Ambrose of Milan Benedict...

...This chapter poses the question of why and how the two halves of the Christian Bible came to be called “testaments.” The proof text is Hebrews 9:15–19, which moves from testament as covenant or berit (the word used for the covenant at Sinai as well as the covenant of circumcision...

...This chapter covers the period 4500 BCE to 300 CE. The royal obligation to protect the poor, the widow, and the orphan existed from the 4th millennium in the ancient Near East, Asia Minor, and Egypt. This expectation appears in the scriptures of the nomadic and monotheistic Hebrew people, who added...

... the writers of Hebrews and the so-called Johannine Letters to write their texts anonymously. Second, the anonymity of early Christian letters had a programmatic purpose. This can be deduced from the concept of literary anonymity in ancient narratives, where it was much more common. The anonymous authors...

...This essay considers the scholarly theory of the imminence and delay of the parousia as it relates to Hebrews and the Catholic Epistles. According to some, the first Christians viewed Christ’s return as immediately impending, and when this did not take place, they experienced disappointment...

...This essay addresses the question of supersessionism in Hebrews. After discussing questions of definition and classification, it undertakes a survey of supersessionism in a selection of commentaries on Hebrews from Chrysostom to Robert Gordon. In suggesting a way forward, the essay considers...

...Although Hebrews and the Catholic Epistles may not have always featured prominently in academic work, their influence is plentiful in the words of worshiping communities. They are so plentiful, in fact, that this essay can highlight only a portion of that influence. Taking the Anglican and Baptist...

...This more focused chapter on Edwards’ exegesis of the priesthood of Melchizedek in Genesis 14, Psalm 110, and Hebrews 5–7 offers a prime example of Edwards’ typological exegesis and the important role it played in his harmonization of the Bible. Christian preachers seldom speak about Melchizedek...

...Baur starts this period (ad 70–140) with the Epistle to the Hebrews, which, he says, mediates between Paul’s critique of Judaism and the apocalyptic writer’s embrace of it. It does so by introducing the idea of an eternal priesthood. The Deutero-Pauline Epistles (Ephesians, Colossians...

... as the eschatological temple in John’s Gospel, the concept of access to the heavenly temple in the book of Hebrews, and the description of the New Jerusalem in the Book of Revelation. Each uses covenant imagery, specifically drawn from the new covenant promise of Jeremiah 31 and read in terms of other prophetic texts...

... polemical connections between the nations and exhibiting national character. Plato is represented as a ‘translator’ of Hebrew wisdom, with which he had become familiar during his travels to the East. Earlier Greek philosophers had, in any case, stolen or plagiarized barbarian learning, most notably...

... closely parallel material in Sirach and Tobit; the epistler to the Hebrews apparently refers to the Maccabean martyrs; and Paul seems to echo the Wisdom of Solomon. Moreover, not all the material presented in the New Testament as quotations derives from the books of the Jewish Bible. There are quotations...

...2 The Invention of Paul s Letter to the Hebrews The Letter to the Hebrews was the most contentious Pauline text to circulate in the second and third centuries ce .1 Eusebius of Caesarea looks back upon the landscape of possible evidence from the vantage of the early fourth century and is open about...

...This essay explores how the General Epistles and Hebrews use language of gender, sex, and procreation both to portray and to facilitate the spread of the messages and communities that used and produced them. Insofar as these letters attempt to create a discourse to define a fledgling, international...

... vision of Judaism’s dualistic relation to migration, and the perennial duality in Judaism’s approaches towards the settlement of Jews in their native land of Israel, as opposed to their significant continued presence abroad. diaspora Hebrews Jewish law Maimonides Judah Levi hospitality citizenship...

... of the remaining New Testament books. Our goal here is not to consider every book of the New Testament but to make the case that in the vast majority of them, their proclamation of Christ is central and defining. The books we will focus on in this chapter include Hebrews, James, 1 Peter, 1 John, and Revelation...