.... By contrast, I show that there is no quantity — given by my definition or otherwise — that plays the role of actual value in Jeffrey's decision theory. actual value expected value objective and subjective value decision theory counterfactuals conditional excluded middle causal decision theory...

... to the error theory that target its content rather than its form. Second, it shows that standard deontic logic and semantics should be revised. error theory permissibility duality excluded middle Many philosophers argue that the error theory should be rejected because it is incompatible with standard...

... University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model ( https://dbpia.nl.go.kr/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model ) Abstract We study basic propositional logic augmented with the law of the weak excluded middle , i.e. . We show that the variety...

... it is), contradiction (contradictory statements cannot both be true), and excluded middle (of two contradictory statements one must be true, the other false). Aristotle's Laws of Thought and Moses' Laws of Submission both function as alternative maps of power. Kazimir Malevich, the Russian Suprematist who many consider...

... of determinism that dates back to Aristotle, if not farther. It rests on acceptance of the Law of Excluded Middle, according to which every proposition is either true or false, no matter whether the proposition is about the past, present or future. In particular, the argument goes, whatever one does or does...

.... And I doubt that there is anything very illuminating to be said about that. Virtually every negation-like property fails on some account of a connective that is recognizably negation-like: the law of excluded middle, the law of non-contradiction, double negation, De Morgan's laws...

... any name conveys the idea of a svabhāva for the named thing. Such a rejection does not propose any alternative discourse; it is not even an indirect affirmation of the law of the excluded middle, since this law is not denied in lemma 4 as lemma 3 does not necessarily violate the law...

... for a general explanation. This paper offers a general explanation of this pattern, preserving Stoic commitments to excluded middle and bivalence, arguing that Chrysippus employs this trichotomy move when he wishes to argue that apparent contradictories are only contraries, and wishes to endorse a third option...

... into concrete utterances. If the idealization is legitimate and we can demonstrate, e.g. negation-completeness in the idealization, this suffices to justify excluded middle, even where no concrete proof or refutation is possible. Neo-formalism is entitled to utilize any such applied theorem so long...

... of the four alternatives and the problem of the status of the third ‘contradictory’ alternative. The chapter also considers the positive variant of the tetralemma; in this all four alternatives are affirmed rather than rejected. excluded middle law of the tetralemma emptiness intuitionism negation...

... and the Law of the Excluded Middle. They also offer a metaphysical insight into the contrast between individuals and the properties they may possess, and an epistemological insight into the differences between orders of thought. Heraclitus’ fragments are themselves an embodiment of the unity...

... contradictories always differ in truth value) and contrariety (two contraries can both be false, but not both be true). The law of non-contradiction governs both oppositions, while the law of excluded middle applies only to contradictories. In principle, Aristotle’s semantic category of contradictory opposition...

... and discusses how the law of excluded middle (LEM) governs Parmenides’ argument. Although it first occurs explicitly in Fr. 6, the book argues that LEM is presupposed by what explicitly occurs in Frs. 2 and 3. Indeed, its occurrence in Fr. 6 refers back to Fr. 2. So Parmenides plainly embraces the principle...

... will and certain more familiar approaches to the counterfactual would. In particular, the author draws an analogy between his view, which denies “Will Excluded Middle” (WEM), and certain views about counterfactuals that deny what has been called “Conditional Excluded Middle” (CEM). He argues...

... that if something is not one thing, it must be another. This relates to another philosophical concept, the ‘law of the excluded middle’. An abduction is a form of logical inference which attempts to find the most likely explanation. Modal logic, an extension of classical logic, is a popular branch of logic...

... to others. The law of the excluded middle asserts that things must be either of one class or not of that class. Even very young children come to understand this fundamental law and can therefore reason that parents are either good or not good. Peer relations Chores Deprivation as discipline Isolation...

... on the one hand and the law of the excluded middle and acceptance on the other. acceptance consequence relation law of the excluded middle LEM logic rejection tautology contraposition dialetheism negation truth classical lattice theory trivial ity inconsistency commitment R the relevant logic...

... rejection of dualist thinking produced by the binary logic of the Law of Excluded Middle, and Irigaray’s critique of formal logic based on her psychoanalytic perspective. Beginning with Beauvoir and moving from there to Irigaray, the essay takes up the question of the ontological and epistemological...

...The chapter applies the theory developed in chapter 6 to four pertinent issues in the debate about counterfactuals: counterfactuals with a true antecedent, the duality thesis, conditional excluded middle, the limit assumption. true antecedent Bennett Jonathan Fine Kit Walters Lee Lewis David...

...The Law of Excluded Middle is not to be blamed for any of the logico-semantic paradoxes. We explain and defend our proof-theoretic criterion of paradoxicality, according to which the ‘proofs’ of inconsistency associated with the paradoxes are in principle distinct from those that establish genuine...