... During the heyday of British imperialism in the nineteenth century, perceptions and attitudes towards Islam were derived from the British Empire’s special relationship with the Eastern Question and long-standing trends in Victorian culture. This article explores the views of William Gladstone towards...

... Society conspiracy Regency of Othon Russian party secret societies Swiss Sonderbund War 1847 Imperial Russia Russian foreign policy Modern Greece Greek War of Independence Russian–Greek relations the Ottoman Empire Balkan nationalism Eastern Orthodoxy Eastern Question This book explores...

... of Independence Russian–Ottoman Wars Battle of Navarino Ioannis Kapodistrias Eastern Question A fascinating though neglected aspect of the Ottoman Balkans during the long nineteenth century (c.1789–1918) consists of its dynamic territorial fringes, where, entrenched in island fortresses and mountain redoubts...

... Congar Yves Anglican Communion Old Catholicism Eastern Question This book has presented a detailed and lengthy discussion of ecumenical debate in a particularly interesting period of church history. Ideas about what constituted the church and how churches related to the present and past as well...

... for Mastery in the Middle East, 1789 1923 (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1999); M. S. Anderson, The Eastern Question, 1774 1923: A Study in International Relations (New York: St. Martin s Press, 1966); Alexander L. Mac e, The Eastern Question 1774 1923 (Harlow: Longman, 2013). ¹ Rodogno, Against...

...This book covers one of the most important and persistent problems in nineteenth-century European diplomacy, the Eastern Question. The Eastern Question was essentially shorthand for comprehending the international consequences caused by the gradual and apparently terminal decline of the Ottoman...

.... The so-called Eastern Question was how to manage the decline of Turkey. Before discussing Great Britain's decision to support the Ottoman Empire and oppose the rise of Egypt, this chapter considers the emergence of Anglo-Russian antagonism and the decline of Ottoman power, along with the causes...

... Eastern Question European policies Family of Nations concept Holy Alliance Russian Empire Congress of Laibach 1821 Gallatin Albert Jefferson Thomas Korais Adamantios Laibach Congress of 1821 Metternich Klemens von Unitarianism Byron Lord George Gordon Byron Constant Benjamin Enlightenment...

...Chapter 7 returns to the Eastern Question by focusing on the American response to the Armenian Massacres of 1894–1896, and how Americans once again made recourse to religious belief to explain Ottoman violence. In doing so it analyzes the important role played by American missionaries affiliated...

... Africa MENA philosophy religion scholarship social Darwinism culture deconstruction Eastern Question imperialism Orientalism society Yilmaz Huseyin Asia disciplinary boundaries East Asia epistemology Western culture Europe Ottoman Empire power Stauth Georg stereotypes Turner Bryan...

...–56 Eastern Question Europe Russia media modernity propaganda political France Marx Karl Nicholas I Ottoman Empire religion European Concert of the Great Powers Islam mediation reprisal sovereignty Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca 1774 ultimatum Wilhelm I Christianity declarations...

... debate on the ‘Eastern question’, he reflected that ‘the battle to be fought was a battle of justice humanity freedom law, all in their first elements from the very root, and all on a gigantic scale.’ His pamphlet on The Bulgarian Horrors and the Question of the East was the belated...

... not only prompted the establishment of a Workmen's Peace Association but sparked interest in international law, arbitration, and codification among the academics, intellectuals, and ‘the leading jurists of Christendom’. Peace activists, however, had to face violence over the Eastern Question and the Afghan...

..., provincial) levels of governmental competence, to find a middle way between imperial sovereignty and the logic of nation-statehood. The Eastern Question originally focused on the relationship between the Great Powers and the Ottoman Empire, but in East Central Europe it provided a framework for defining...

...Chapter 2 delves more deeply into the Eastern Question by examining the role of American missionaries, journalists, and diplomats during the Bulgarian Massacres of 1876 and the subsequent Russo-Turkish war in 1878, culminating in the Congress of Berlin and Bulgarian independence. Robert College...

...This chapter illustrates how conflicting notions of reform, in an era of Eastern Question politics, undermined the traditional order. It explores the erosion of prereform, nonsectarian politics of notability, and the development of restoration politics, in which rival local elites deployed...

...2017 International politics in the later 19th and early 20th centuries was dominated by the ‘Eastern Question’: the legacy of the failing Ottoman Empire in the Balkans. ‘World war and dissolution: 20th century’ considers issues that led to the First World War, including the murder of Franz...

... that massacre and atrocities were not serious or tragic enough to undertake an armed humanitarian intervention. It argues that the British were determined not to help Christian Cretans due to concerns about the “Eastern Question.” Ali Pasha sultan’s Grand Vizier Ismail Pasha governor of Crete Napoleon Louis...

.... It also explores the nationalization of questions and concludes with a case study on Hungary to show how it entered the age of questions, with emphasis on the emergence of the “nationality question”. An epilogue takes a look at the fate of the Ukrainian question in Russia and the Eastern question...