... Confucianism as a religion controversy in 2000–2004, an important debate among Chinese intellectuals with significant academic, social, and political implications. It argues that ideas are shaped by their social situations, and that the ideas about Confucianism, like many other bodies of knowledge, were shaped...

...In their search for justification in a scriptural text, both Christian and non-Christian Chinese intellectuals in the modern era found the Old Testament a rich and promising source at times of cultural and national crises. In this paper, three major topics will be taken up. First, it will explore...

... think tanks research institutions policymaking Chinese intellectuals Chinese education system public opinion surveys data analysis Chinese Communist Party China, of course, absorbs and expresses ideas about America not simply passively and not simply through media and propaganda outlets...

... disintegration political ethnic groups non Chinese legitimacy rebellions Chinese intellectuals voluntary attachment educated elite imperial political structure cultural foundations shi scholar-officials The heart of the ancient benevolent men … was neither to be delighted in things nor to feel sorry...

... multifaceted character, revealing the provocative influences that shaped the movement and the ideologies of its competitors. The book begins the story in 1919 with Chinese intellectuals who wrote extensively under pen names and, in fact, plagiarized or translated many iconic texts of early Chinese Marxism...

...This chapter looks at the enactment of political agendas under the guise of humanitarian outreach through the operations of the CIA-funded Aid Refugee Chinese Intellectuals, Inc. (ARCI). This ostensibly nongovernmental agency targeted intellectual Chinese for assistance and migration, first to aid...

... Guidelines Luo Dayu 羅大愈 Manchukuo newspapers literary supplements resistance literature spiritual resistance Chinese intellectuals Although the Great Unity Herald served as the Manchukuo State Council’s official newspaper from 1932 until 1945, its supplements published hundreds...

... Revolution Beijing Chinese intellectuals Chinese culture Confucianism nationalism May Fourth Movement traditionalist modernization Chinese Communist Party Not surprisingly, the headlong collision between European power and mores and traditional modes of thought about China’s place in the world...

... translation translational norms Fenollosa Ernest Hayot Eric Kenner Hugh study of Ezra Pound modernity translation as mental labor sixiang thought and the favoring of original utterances translation May Fourth Movement Chinese intellectuals 古文萬無滅亡之理，其勿怠爾修！ The eternal principle of guwen...

... and early Republican China. Afflicted with anxiety and indignation about their increasingly effeminate image as perceived by Western colonial powers, Chinese intellectuals strategically distanced themselves from the old literati and reassessed their positions vis-à-vis violence. In Mastery of Words...

... American soldiers to communicate with other Chinese by cooperating with Chinese intellectuals and Chinese-speaking American missionaries to train more than 3,300 college students and recent graduates to work as military interpreters alongside US forces. But for both Chinese elites and senior US military...

... Andrew Liu Lydia translational norms Yan Fu 1853–1921 Fujian scholar Moretti Franco on “narrative markets ” sixiang shi Chinese intellectual history Toury Gideon Tsu Jing Western Learning xixue fiction commentary pingdian Commercial Press Meng Yue transcompilation bianyi Confucian philosophy...

...After Mao Zedong's Anti-Rightist Campaign of 1957–58, Chinese intellectuals were subjected to “re-education” by the state. This book draws on labor farm archives, interviews, and memoirs to provide a remarkable look at the suffering and complex psychological world of these banished Beijing...