.... carnivorous plants pitcher plants leaf economic spectrum Cephalotus Nepenthes Sarracenia Heliamphora Darlingtonia Accepted Manuscript Construction costs and tradeoffs in carnivorous pitcher plant leaves: towards a pitcher leaf economic spectrum Kadeem J...

... on phytotelmata of CPPs. Pitcher Fluid as a Habitat The volumes of pitchers range from 0·2 mL to 1·5 L. In Nepenthes and Cephalotus, the fluid is secreted by the trap; the other genera collect rain water. The fluid is usually acidic, rich in O₂ and contains digestive enzymes...

... or absent. At the same time the insects pay the plants in a small portion of their community which is ‘sacrificed’ as prey and consumed by the plants, which grow in nutrient deficient soils. Carnivorous plants mimicry mutualism nectar pitcher plants Brocchinia reducta Cephalotus Darlingtonia...

... CEPHALOTACEAE Cephalotus DIONCOPHYLLACEAE DROSERACEAE Drosophyllum ERIOCAULACEAE LENTIBULARIACEAE NEPENTHACEAE Paepalanthus Philcoxia PLANTAGINACEAE Roridula RORIDULACEAE SARRACENIACEAE Triphyophyllum extinction mutualism nutrient s mineral synapomorphy wax es y climate nitrogen tepui s...