... already ratified international conventions without reservations and have thus agreed on a uniform standard. European labour law legitimacy harmonization internal market monetary union fundamental social rights European social model European Pillar of Social Rights European judicial network...

... permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. DMA Harmonisation Competition Law Fairness EU internal market Pre-emption K21 K22 K23 L4 L5 L43 For years, the world had not seen much regulation of digital competition beyond...

... and legal concept of the time—functioned as a protective instrument for the internal market. The study explores the hypothesis that the legislation was directed at foreign economic power, already embedded in national economic structures at the time. The research demonstrates that the antitrust legislation...

... and price fixing, respectively. Nevertheless, they contain the elements of a simple and comprehensive test that dispenses with the complications that have built up in the case law. European Union internal market European Competition Law antitrust restrictions of competition by object ancillary...

..., including revision of the Green Book and new funding intended to support ‘levelling up’. In addition, Brexit has necessitated the introduction of legislation to regulate the UK internal market. Its particular form may undermine the current constitutional settlement. regional policy levelling up state aid...

..., in substance, of domestic policy choices. ⁶² Beyond such critiques, price regulation poses specific difficulties—ideological and practical—within the legal framework of the EU’s internal market. While not prohibited a priori, the application of price controls is an almost contradictory...

... was not responded to for many years following his comments. The EU Court, which was tasked to define the distinction between goods and services within EU internal market law, approached this assignment by considering established distinguishing factors from other domains as well as from specific EU law objectives...

... benefits of the internal market. As the dominant economic business model in Europe, services are important when we consider intangible assets. This article argues a case for some kind of ‘special relationship’ between service firms and trade marks–specifically bearing in mind the CTM system and new EU...

... and office decisions has become available to us. Perhaps because of this paucity of legal doctrine, the significance of the trade mark licence within the practice of the Office of Harmonization in the Internal Market (OHIM) has been insufficiently appreciated or understood, particularly as it affects issues...

...Gordon Humphreys Member of the Second Board of Appeal, Office of Harmonization in the Internal Market (Trade Marks & Designs) (‘OHIM’). (The views expressed in this paper are those of the author and are not necessarily shared by the OHIM.) © The Author (2007). Published by Oxford University...

... resulted in improvements in efficiency, responsiveness and quality of care are in general not supported by the evidence. Key words: GP fundholding, internal market, health care reform, evaluation, evidence-based policy he British National Health Service (NHS) was founded tries in Europe...

... through three phases since the Second World War. The first may be characterised as high growth and the creation of common institutions; the second, stagnation; and the third, the creation of the ‘internal market’. The recent period has seen greater trade and capital, though not labour or mobility...

...This book is concerned with the legal concept of State aid under Article 107(1) TFEU. It was born out of the concern that EU institutions and practitioners alike refer to it as if this concept had been immune to the evolution experienced by the context in which it has been applied: the Internal...

.... This absence of convergence between the several Treaty freedoms has become so ingrained and so lacking in judicial explanation that it does not deserve exhaustive examination. It is, however, an enduring illustration of how the internal market as a legal concept leaves key issues confusingly open. competition...

... on free movement and competition. There is a normative case to be made that it should separate out those which protect the individual person from those of less weight associated with goods and capital, which are instrumentally confined to the construction of the internal market. But, in practice...

...This chapter discusses the internal market as a site of diversity. The law of the internal market is not exclusively concerned with levering open national restrictions on cross-border trading freedom nor is it mainly about cross-border trading freedom. It is a site of diversity that is shaped...

...The Treaty provisions on free movement and competition law sweep away a host of public and private practices that are incompatible with the aim of creating an internal market. Their deregulatory momentum, however, is not absolute, and there is still room to justify practices that leave the market...

... of the internal market by putting in place common rules from which Member States may not deviate. The counterpoint to this does not deny that pre-empting Member State action may have attraction as a means to create and cultivate a single coherent EU regulatory landscape, but doubts that this advantage can...

...This concluding chapter summarizes key themes of this book and presents some final thoughts. This volume has argued that, in pursuit of the construction of the internal market, the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) has left open both the precise nature of the vertical...

... in my own mind the shape of the story I wanted to tell in this book about the EU s internal market. The thematic insight that animates this book is that the EU s internal market is a legal concept that has important implications for the shaping of both the vertical relationship between the competences...