... of the standard CEG to simplify its use in forensic applications. chain event graphs graphical methods drug trafficking drugs on banknotes probability trees likelihood ratios Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council 10.13039/501100000266 UK Research and Innovation Strategic Priorities Fund...

... to the European Central Bank (ECB) under its Legal Research Programme 2020 (topic 2): Corinne Zellweger-Gutknecht, Benjamin Geva and Seraina Neva Grünewald, ‘The ECB and € E-Banknotes’ (Draft of 31 July 2020; < http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3671007 >). A preliminary version of this article was presented...

.... life of banknotes life table analysis circulation trials non-linear estimation graduation of distributions References Bury , K. V. ( 1975 ). Statistical Models in Applied Science.   New York : Wiley . Coenen , R. L. ( 1971 ). Levensduur en intrekking van tientjes voor en na...

.../legal/notices ) The problem of interpretation associated with a test with large power is discussed in the context of the variation by location in England of quantities of cocaine on banknotes. This variation is studied with use of a large data set, with a large number of degrees of freedom, of banknotes...

... banknotes change hands frequently, we also tested the stability of 10⁷ PFU of EbolaΔVP30 virus in a blood droplet on autoclaved Sierra Leonean banknotes. Although less stable than in the enclosed syringe needle, infectious EbolaΔVP30 virus was recovered for 6.2 days under air-conditioned hospital...

... are compared by using data concerning traces of cocaine on banknotes. Auto-regressive model Cocaine on banknotes Evidence evaluation Hidden Markov model Likelihood ratio Non-parametric density estimation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council 10.13039/501100000266 The data are the quantity...

... general case where iterative methods can also be avoided. Lagrange multiplier; Likelihood ratio; Linear discriminant analysis; Proportional covariance model; Quadratic discriminant analysis; Spectral decomposition; Swiss banknotes data. Received October 2005. Revised January 2006. © 2006 Biometrika Trust...

... zhoubao British American Tobacco Company BAT China Association Cochran Sherman Hong Jiaguan Mercantile Bank of India MBI Nanyang Bros Rigby Richard Shanghai dollar Bradbury Wilkinson & Co Forgery of banknotes Printers and printing Waterlow & Co Chinese Nationalist Party GMD Guomindang...

.... However, unlike banknotes, they were not fully negotiable, nor were payers obliged to accept them. bills of exchange Cleirac Étienne legend about Jews and finance marine insurance Roman jurisprudence Villani Giovanni Ariosto Ludovico commerce Dante Alighieri Guidon de la mer The Standard...

...-French war. These include banknotes of the new Bank of England, and Treasury bills, both of which have been claimed by historians to be paper money. However, the very high denominations of these notes and bills disqualified them from functioning as everyday currency. They were for financiers, merchants...

...The attempt to cool down the System through the reduction of the value of shares and banknotes produced a dramatic loss of confidence in the System, and Law was put under house arrest. The complexities of running the System forced the Regent to bring Law back into power and to exile the Pâris...

...The growing collapse of the System was mirrored by the restoration of gold and silver along with the public burning of banknotes, the continued fall in the price of the Mississippi Company's shares, and John Law's enforced departure from France. France Law John Louis XIV Marais Mathieu...

...As China emerges as a global powerhouse, this book examines its economic past and the shaping of its financial institutions. A comparative study of foreign banking in prewar China, it surveys the impact of British overseas banknotes on China's economy before the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese War...

... consensus as to their value. They were extremely liquid. And they were attached to people through longstanding practices acknowledged in law. Through use, people turned textiles into banknotes—which is where textiles eventually ended up anyway, since banknotes were made of rags. Spinners, weavers...

... bills of credit as the logic of its removal trumps the implied powers clause. Delegates with banking interests who feared that banks and banknotes could not compete well with bills of credit as the dominant medium of exchange in the economy led the drive to eliminate bills of credit as a money directly...

...Based on his first fieldwork in Ghana in the 1960s, the author recounts a story of being offered Confederate US banknotes for conversion, and uses this story to recount how he funded his initial period of anthropological research through money changing and money lending. He made quite a good living...

... advantage of a favorable international situation, permitted banks to issue banknotes convertible into gold. Ouro Preto, who governed during the final five months of the empire, sought to regain the planters' allegiance to the monarchy by lending them large amounts of public funds. Although these loans saved...

...The chapter offers a brief overview of British banking in prewar China before the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese War in 1937. Focusing on the two leading British banks in Shanghai, it traces instructive links between the changing political climate and banknote circulation volumes. British overseas...

... in the 1970s despite being adopted by the Council as an objective in 1971, only to re-emerge onto the agenda in full force in the Maastricht Treaty in 1992. Created in 1999, and with euro banknotes and coins circulating in twelve member states since 2002, EMU can without doubt be seen as one of the greatest...