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John H. Gruzelier, The Factorial Structure of Schizotypy: Part I. Affinities With Syndromes of Schizophrenia, Schizophrenia Bulletin, Volume 22, Issue 4, 1996, Pages 611–620, https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/22.4.611
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Abstract
A replication is reported of a three-factor—active, withdrawn, unreality—structure of schizotypy measured with the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) in the normal population, a structure which has close affinities with a three-syndrome model of schizophrenia. Cognitive asymmetry patterns and arousal scales are found in the companion report—Part II in this issue of the Schizophrenia Bulletin. Here the withdrawn factor—loneliness and constricted affect—was also complemented by the physical anhedonia scale. The original sample (1995) was then combined with the replication sample to examine associations with the dimensions of extraversion-introversion, neuroticism, and psychoticism. Introversion loaded on the first withdrawn factor. The second unreality factor—unusual perceptions, magical beliefs, and ideas of reference—was unrelated to the Eysenck dimensions. Psychoticism loaded on the third active factor—eccentricity and odd speech. Neuroticism formed a fourth, nonspecific factor with social anxiety and suspiciousness. Insufficiencies in current measures of the structure of schizotypy and schizophrenia are discussed. These include the absence of activity-arousal from the SPQ, the limited assessment of cognitive disorganization in schizotypy, and its heterogeneity in schizophrenia. The history of the active-with drawn classification and its importance in further elucidation of schizotypy and schizophrenia are outlined.
