...This chapter analyzes European and American policies toward a range of consumer safety risks; including drugs, children's products, and cosmetics. It shows how European and American risk regulations have converged, though the dynamics through which this occurred differed substantially...

...This introductory chapter talks about how American lawmakers “got tough” on drugs, welfare, and crime. These political choices drove one of the most dramatic expansions of a penal system in world history, but policymakers did not simply increase the number and severity of penal sanctions. They also...

...This chapter describes the interplay between foreign aid and state policies in Kenya that together contributed to the emergence of a small yet robust locally owned pharmaceutical sector. Most important was a “ration kits” program that helped rationalize the procurement and distribution of drugs...

...This chapter looks at the conditions that led pharmaceutical manufacturers in Kenya to invest in the production of a broader range of drugs, and to improve quality standards beyond what was required by local regulations. It begins with the contentious negotiations over Trade-Related Aspects...

...This chapter zooms in on the early decades of the seventeenth century to examine the amateurization of bencao in certain literati circles. However, it is not only about subtle debates within the neo-Confucian doctrine about the nature of drugs. The chapter also concerns the numerous and diverse...

... gentry, clergy, and a growing contingent of Confucian activists to rebuild local society and reshape national politics. The struggle for authority over the nature of drugs thus continues to shed light on the complex interplay among knowledge, power, and ethics in modern China; pharmacy remains a good...

...This chapter discusses the role of drugs in hippy culture. Drugs were used massively by the hippies, and there was a wide and well-used range of terms for types and sub-types of various drugs. There was also avid discussion about the effects of various drugs, and great interest taken...

...In 1996, Brazil became the first developing country to adopt an official policy granting free access to antiretroviral drugs through its broad-reaching but ailing public health care system (SUS). In the wake of the country's highly publicized antiretroviral drug rollout, public health and care have...

...In 1970s America, politicians began “getting tough” on drugs, crime, and welfare. These campaigns helped expand the nation's penal system, discredit welfare programs, and cast blame for the era's social upheaval on racialized deviants that the state was not accountable to serve or represent...

... between the 1890s and the 1940s, colonial states began to ban opium, upsetting the very foundations of overseas rule—how did this happen? This book traces the history of this dramatic reversal, revealing the colonial legacies that set the stage for the region's drug problems today. The book challenges...

... of Mexican immigrants and stemming the stream of illegal drugs across the boundary line. Calderón Felipe citizenship control of border customs laws and enforcement Doggett Lloyd fences for animal disease control Fox Vicente immigrants Minutemen Civil Defense Corps Secure Fence Act 2006 U S Border...

...This chapter traces the shift in the pharmaceutical markets in Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda from markets dominated by originator (brand-name) drugs produced by western companies to markets dominated by generic drugs produced in the global South, most prominently, in India. The rise of Indian exports...

...This chapter considers management of uncertainty in drug approval. In the United States, the approval process of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) determines whether a drug can legally be sold within the country. A similar process occurs in the European Union, with approval performed...

.... Finally, it discusses the link between drugs and violence. drugs Foucault Michel violence rape interpersonal violence retaliation Alarcón Cristian poverty reciprocity shantytown Hacher Sebastián self defense Collins Randall political violence Scheper Hughes Nancy symbolic violence Brazil...

... in this book. Finally, the chapter closes with some concluding insights as well as an anecdote. cultural relations cultural theory hippies hippy culture deaths control agencies drugs At various stages and after numerous drafts, I tried to contact members of the bike and hippy cultures I had known...