...This introductory chapter provides an overview of the Shamama case, which highlights the concept of “legal belonging.” The neutral category of legal belonging allows one to observe the ways in which the furnace of nationalist fervor forged new molds of inclusion and exclusion, especially for Jews...

.... Tracing Husayn's reasoning offers a glimpse at how Muslims conceived of legal belonging in the Islamic world on their own terms—not as an imitation of European ideas about citizenship, but as an extension of Islamic legal principles. now it was up to Pierantoni to disprove his teacher, partner...

... shared ancient culture, rather than kinship, the primary marker of ethnic belonging. In the postconquest periods considered, claims to have originated civilization were bolstered by citing ancient texts attesting to the same. Although this sometimes led to forgeries and frequently to exaggerated claims...

...This chapter examines how legal and social structure affects the exercise of family life, noting that the right to family life is a crucial bedrock of a just migration policy. It first provides an overview of attachment and belonging as key components of childhood, arguing that delays and other...

... opened up novel opportunities for national belonging. Encouraged by the outpouring of wartime racial liberal sentiment, Chinese Americans, especially the native-born cohorts just coming of age, asked new questions and desired new answers about life in the United States. assimilation African Americans...

...” was that it give up the notion that it was indivisible. However, its leaders still believed that whatever the Community had become, it had to be held together. In 1959, the question of what sort or unit would constitute the subjective and juridical basis of political belonging was being debated in both African...

... and the republic should be empowered to regulate religious affiliation and national belonging through law. To negotiate status distinction effectively for their clients and for their broader, ideological project, they partake in devotional practices—toward the state and the Church—based in a belief...

... in the Egyptian province of the Ottoman Empire during the nineteenth century, arguing that it served as a pivotal way station on the path to the birth of Arab nationhood. The book examines the collusion of various Ottoman elites in creating this nascent sense of national belonging and finds that learned culture...

... National du Patrimoine, Collection Qsar es-Saïd) This chapter discusses how Nissim Shamama rose to power in the 1840s and 1850s, a period of rapid transformation in Tunisia and the rest of the Ottoman Empire. The turbulence of these decades also produced shifts in the nature of legal belonging. Like...

... from Livornese Jews, the late count was subject to a distinct set of naturalization requirements. This approach relied on the increasing entanglement of legal belonging with ethnicity in the age of nationalism. Second, Mancini maintained that citizenship was not just a matter of paperwork; belonging...

... forced Europeans and Maghribis to account for the gaps in their ideas about belonging. Likewise, the lawsuit over his estate compels historians to articulate an alternative account of citizenship—across the modern Mediterranean and beyond. Much has changed about citizenship since the nineteenth century...

... of Egyptian Baháʼís has improved over the past decade. Instead, the Baháʼí administrative order exists wherever Egyptian Baháʼís are present together: in homes, classrooms, alleyways, storerooms, transnational conferences, and the like. The materiality of belonging can be seen in these intimate spaces, where...

..., the book provides an unprecedented view of racial reform and the contradictions of national belonging in the civil rights era. It highlights the contests for power and authority within Japanese and Chinese America alongside the designs of those external to these populations, including government officials...

... and transform ideas about language and belonging. Blending history and literature, the book traces the interwoven life of Arabic and Hebrew in Israel/Palestine from the turn of the twentieth century to the present, exposing the two languages' intimate entanglements in contemporary works of prose, poetry, film...

... offers a riveting history of citizenship across regional, cultural, and political borders. On its face, the crux of the lawsuit seemed simple: To which state did Shamama belong when he died? But the case produced hundreds of pages in legal briefs and thousands of dollars in lawyers' fees before the man's...

... of their Jewish origins, even if they did not take positions on specifically Jewish issues personally. The sense of belonging and not belonging, of being “eternally half-other,” led them to confront essential questions: What does it mean for the individual to be an equal citizen and to wish to retain one's ethnic...

... accounts for the compulsion to affirm tribal belonging in modern Saudi Arabia by focusing on verse 49:13 of the Quran and the multiple contexts in which it is embedded in the kingdom. More specifically, the book asks why this verse is interpreted by so many Saudis as a license to assert their particularist...

...This chapter examines the compulsion to claim tribal belonging in relation to a set of institutional policies and techniques adopted by the modern Saudi state over the course of the twentieth century. It explains how these policies and techniques combine to produce a genealogical rule of governance...

... Scandinavian people to Christian faith had been quite tenuous ever since the region was first evangelized. Yet the Scandinavian countries also illustrate in a pointed way the possibility that in certain conditions, stable patterns of religious belonging can exist almost independently of personal religious...

..., and the instrumentalization of national belonging. Respondents exhibit an attitude which can be called “the sovereign individual”; they understand citizenship status as a domain for individual free choice and maximization of utility, free from traditional collective dictates. In other words, citizenship is changing from...