
Contents
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Imperial Front Lines: Advancing French, Displacing Arabic Imperial Front Lines: Advancing French, Displacing Arabic
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Upholding Arabic Upholding Arabic
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Linguistic Mastery as Social Capital Linguistic Mastery as Social Capital
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Postcolonial Segregations: Digraphia, Invisible Literacies, and Vernacular Rifts Postcolonial Segregations: Digraphia, Invisible Literacies, and Vernacular Rifts
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3 Arabic Mastery and Racial Parity
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Published:January 2024
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Abstract
This chapter looks at the life and legacy of Ahmadu Bamba Mbakke, the founder of the Murid movement Muridiyya, a significant Sufi movement in sub-Saharan West Africa. It discusses Ahmadu Bamba's renowned poem Masālik al-Jinān, which emphasized piety over differences in skin color and reflected long-standing Islamic teachings on the equal status of black and white, Arab and non-Arab. Despite French colonial efforts to weaken Arabic literacies, Ahmadu Bamba's poetry upheld Arabic as a symbol of transregional Islamic solidarity, embodying an ʻajami literary self-consciousness. The chapter examines the tension between maintaining Arabic as a ritual language and accommodating ethnolinguistic differences, showcasing the influence of twentieth-century Wolof and Pulaar poets who defended the use of non-Arabic ʻajamiyya languages. By analyzing Ahmadu Bamba's strategic use of Arabic in a context of colonial coercion, the chapter illustrates how his legacy contributed to the symbiotic coexistence of French and Arabic languages in Senegal.
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