
Contents
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2.1 What Is Body Size? 2.1 What Is Body Size?
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2.2 What Is a Size Spectrum? 2.2 What Is a Size Spectrum?
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2.3 Scaling of Physiology with Body Size 2.3 Scaling of Physiology with Body Size
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Clearance Rate Clearance Rate
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Respiration and Consumption Rate Respiration and Consumption Rate
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Prey Preference Prey Preference
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2.4 What Is the Size Spectrum Exponent? 2.4 What Is the Size Spectrum Exponent?
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2.5 What Is the Predation Mortality? 2.5 What Is the Predation Mortality?
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2.6 How Long Are Marine Food Chains? 2.6 How Long Are Marine Food Chains?
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2.7 What Is the Trophic Efficiency? 2.7 What Is the Trophic Efficiency?
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2.8 Summary 2.8 Summary
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Cite
Abstract
This chapter follows the size-structure of the entire marine ecosystem. It shows how the Sheldon spectrum emerges from predator–prey interactions and the limitations that physics and physiology place on individual organisms. How predator–prey interactions and physiological limitations scale with body size are the central assumptions in size spectrum theory. To that end, this chapter first defines body size and size spectrum. Next, it shows how central aspects of individual physiology scale with size: metabolism, clearance rate, and prey size preference. On that basis, it is possible to derive a power-law representation of the size spectrum by considering a balance between the needs of an organism (its metabolism) and the encountered prey, which is determined by the spectrum, the clearance rate, and the size preference. Lastly, the chapter uses the solution of the size spectrum to derive the expected size scaling of predation mortality.
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