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Reputation, reputation, reputation! Oh, I have lost my reputation! I have lost the immortal part of myself, and what remains is bestial.
—othello, act 2, scene 3
Dismayed at having lost Othello’s favor, Cassio repeats the word “reputation” three times. Reputations spread uncontrollably, are echoed back and forth, and reproduce themselves in the voices of others. This is why “the immortal part” of ourselves is also the most fragile and elusive. Iago, who secretly manipulates Cassio’s reputation in order to destroy him, answers cynically that we should not worry about our reputations because they do not depend on us. Although we are constantly seeking to assure ourselves of the favorable opinion of others, our personal merit often has nothing to do with why we gain or lose our coveted good name.
Reputation is shrouded in mystery. The reasons it waxes or wanes and the criteria that define it as good or bad often appear fortuitous and arbitrary. Yet reputation is also ubiquitous. On the one hand, we care intensely about the opinion of others, sometimes to the point of committing irrational acts in a bootless effort to determine how others see us. On the other hand, we rely on reputation to guide our choice of doctors, newspapers, websites, and even ideas. It seems to insinuate itself into the most intimate recesses of our existence.
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