...This chapter focuses on how poverty, low living standards, and income support are distributed, and on the recipients of the various forms of public income support, including tax credits. It explores the New Zealand data and developments alongside comparable international work, highlighting both...

... N/A Federal budget revenue 193,151 24.6 N/A Federal budget expenditure 192,306 24.5 100.0 Federal social expenditure 135,898 17.3 70.7 Federal expenditure on income support and welfare (includes RA) 82,678 10.5 43.0 Federal expenditure...

... pension and other income support payments as a way of highlighting the valuable role that deprivation research can play in informing policy in the vexed and challenging area of income support adequacy. affordability deprivation deprivation measurement choice constraint resource constraints inferred...

... financial assistance and been permitted to remain outside of the labour market to focus on the care of their children since the enactment of the 1948 National Assistance Act. Changes in entitlement to Income Support for lone parents under the New Labour government in 2008 represented the first time...

... for a significant minority, especially single mothers, it was almost a nightmare struggle for existence. In this chapter, the issues of the need to have two incomes to make ends meet, the need to juggle time between work and family, the constant struggle to survive, Income Support, a dependency on the welfare state...

...The focus of this chapter is on income support. A fundamental overhaul of existing welfare trajectories means shifting away from institutions and policies that ‘commodify’ labour and prioritise productivity growth and employment as the primary mechanism to social citizenship. Decommodification...

...In the last two decades in New Zealand, a range of studies has focused on the living standards of those below the poverty line and the effects of poverty and managing daily life on state income support. This chapter draws this evidence together by focusing on the research and its implications...

...By the time of the 1999 election, there had, then, been a series of key political decisions taken about the shape and structure of the social-security system: the name changed to income support; benefits had been cut significantly and basic benefit rates had not increased in real terms; housing...

... and Support Allowance, Working Tax Credit and Child Tax Credit, Housing Benefit and Income Support. Spicker argues that analysts of Universal Credit must drill down to the detail of the scheme and the benefits that it covers. He sees defects in ‘the concept and design’ of the Universal Credit agenda...

...This chapter examines the circumstances of households that contain disabled members in the context of proposed reforms to the main income support programme for disabled people, the Disability Support Pension. After briefly reviewing the Australian policy context, it compares the economic...

...This chapter draws on in-depth interviews with 50 lone mothers who had recently started work, in order to explore whether or not they felt themselves to be better off in work, and what they meant by this. These mothers clearly felt a strong push away from Income Support, with employment seen...

... picture of the changing area scenes, looking back in time, taking a snapshot of the present and hinting at prospects for the future. It is also shown that unemployment was three times the national average; levels of Income Support claims twice as high. Health and educational attainment were well below...

...This chapter focuses on the employment effectiveness of minimum income schemes. Before discussing the analysis, the chapter first clarifies what is actually meant by employment effectiveness. Activation means a policy of combining negative and positive incentives to aid income support recipients...

...This chapter talks about the New Right philosophy for the provision of information on welfare entitlements. It studies income support from 1988 and shows that from 1979 the government continued earlier shifts away from social democratic ideals. Although information policy reflected wider political...

... government's information policy for Income Support/Minimum Income Guarantee. ageism citizenship Income Support IS information policy means tested benefits New Labour government older people poverty reduction policies social security take up rates Walker A entitlement Greater London Council GLC...

... finance state owned enterprises SOEs sugar beet supermarkets tea TEKEL tobacco AKP Justice and Development Party Alternative Crop Programme ARIP Agricultural Reform Implementation Project crises 2001 2007 Direct Income Support DIS Ecevit B EU European Union maize Ministry of Agriculture...

...Recent social trends and policy developments have called into question the divide between the provision of income support and social care services. This book examines this in light of key trends. It presents new evidence on the links between cash – whether from earnings from paid work, social...