
Contents
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Introduction Introduction
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Human well-being and social ethics in the five major world faiths Human well-being and social ethics in the five major world faiths
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Hinduism Hinduism
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Buddhism Buddhism
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Judaism Judaism
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Christianity Christianity
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Islam Islam
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Contextualising religion in social policy theory and practice Contextualising religion in social policy theory and practice
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Divergences in North–South experiences of religion in social policy Divergences in North–South experiences of religion in social policy
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A continuum of the religious and secular: common moral concerns A continuum of the religious and secular: common moral concerns
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Religion in the study of social policy and human welfare in the South Religion in the study of social policy and human welfare in the South
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Factoring religion into social policy analysis Factoring religion into social policy analysis
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The welfare regime approach The welfare regime approach
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A working definition of religious welfare A working definition of religious welfare
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Conclusion: the value of religion to social policy Conclusion: the value of religion to social policy
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Notes Notes
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Notes Notes
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Two Religion and the foundations of social policy
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Published:July 2009
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Abstract
This chapter provides a platform on which the key problematic of the book is set out, by examining the relationship between religion, human well-being, and social policy. It draws on the experiences of both Northern and Southern contexts of social policy in order to highlight what the major world religions teach about social welfare and how social policy has interacted with religion in various national welfare settings around the world. This chapter focuses on the five major world faiths — Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Judaism, and Islam — in their general and local forms since together, these faiths have had the most direct influence on national politics and social welfare. The chapter also considers examples from other worldviews such as Confucianism and Zoroastrianism. Hence, this chapter highlights the differences and similarities of world religions and national welfare settings. The chapter also refers to the development studies literature since this is the academic discipline that has traditionally been devoted to the so-called ‘Third World’ social science. The main claim in the chapter is that concern with human morality fundamentally unites secular and religious welfare initiatives. The first section of this chapter discusses the teachings of the five major world faiths on social welfare. It considers the dynamic nature of religious interpretations and the way in which lay people and major social reformers have used religious teachings to bring about progressive social change. The second section discusses the theoretical literature on religion and social policy. It examines examples of how religion has interacted with social policy in the national setting and in human history. The third section examines the term ‘faith-based’ welfare as a signifier of religiously inspired social welfare action.
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