The dispersal and social exclusion of asylum seekers: Between liminality and belonging
Contents
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Introduction Introduction
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Pre-1999 ‘informal dispersals’ Pre-1999 ‘informal dispersals’
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Dispersal under the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999 Dispersal under the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999
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Exploding and busting myths Exploding and busting myths
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Structure of dispersal: past and present Structure of dispersal: past and present
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Agencies in the dispersal system Agencies in the dispersal system
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The range of agencies The range of agencies
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Central government agencies Central government agencies
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Public sector organisations Public sector organisations
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Public sector mainstream service providers Public sector mainstream service providers
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Private sector organisations Private sector organisations
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Voluntary sector, non-user-led refugee service providers (RSPs) Voluntary sector, non-user-led refugee service providers (RSPs)
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Voluntary sector, user-led, refugee-specific organisations (RCOs) Voluntary sector, user-led, refugee-specific organisations (RCOs)
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Voluntary sector, not-for-profit accommodation providers Voluntary sector, not-for-profit accommodation providers
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Voluntary sector, non-refugee-specific service providers that may have refugee-specific projects Voluntary sector, non-refugee-specific service providers that may have refugee-specific projects
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Voluntary sector, campaigning organisations that involve users and non-users Voluntary sector, campaigning organisations that involve users and non-users
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Faith-based organisations Faith-based organisations
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The tensions of implementation The tensions of implementation
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Early negotiations between NASS, the regional consortia and the private sector Early negotiations between NASS, the regional consortia and the private sector
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The voluntary sector: their role and the perception of independence The voluntary sector: their role and the perception of independence
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Private sector involvement in dispersal Private sector involvement in dispersal
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RCOs: the buffer? RCOs: the buffer?
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Conclusions Conclusions
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Notes Notes
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Cite
Abstract
This chapter explores the official rationale, structure, and implementation of compulsory dispersal. It observes that separating asylum seekers from the mainstream system of welfare provision has created a more visible group and entrenched the perception of asylum seekers as being somehow ‘outside’ society. It argues that this institutionalised departure from equal access to state provision, separation, and the provision of parallel services specifically for asylum seekers results in social exclusion. It examines the history of dispersing refugees across the UK and it suggests that the contemporary dispersal of asylum seekers is taking place within a qualitatively new environment that has emerged since the mid-1990s and been manifest through several Acts of Parliament.
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