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Norio Suganuma, Hajime Ohno, Takafumi Tezuka, Yukio Yamamoto, Effect of High Temperature on the Development of Cyanide-Sensitive Respiration in the Germination Process of Spinach Seeds, Plant and Cell Physiology, Volume 26, Issue 3, April 1985, Pages 551–557, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a076939
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Abstract
Germination of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L. var. grabra cv. Nobel) seeds was inhibited at a high temperature (35°C). Effects of KCN on the respiration of seeds incubated at 20 and 35°C were compared in order to investigate the mechanism of inhibition of seed germination by high temperature. Respiration of germinating seeds incubated at 20°C was inhibited about 50% by 5 mM. KCN solution, whereas it hardly inhibited the weak respiration of the seeds at 35°C. Germination of seeds was delayed by exogenous KCN. When the KCN solution was renewed daily, germination was completely inhibited. Pericarp removal promoted germination at 35°C, but atypical germination (cotyledons emerging earlier than a radicle) took up more than half of the total germination. The inhibitory action of KCN on the respiration of seeds was not altered by pericarp removal. A KCN addition, even at 20°C, elicited atypical germination in the pericarp-less seeds. These results show that cyanide-sensitive respiration is needed to induce typical spinach seed germination (root emergence), but is rendered inoperative by high temperatures thus bringing about poor germination and atypical germination.