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Atushi Kato, Junichi Obokata, Kimiko Sasaki, Mating Type Interaction in Closterium peracerosum-strigosum-littorale: Mating Induced Protoplast Release, Plant and Cell Physiology, Volume 22, Issue 7, November 1981, Pages 1215–1222, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a076273
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Abstract
Mating type interaction between heterothallic strains of Closterium peracerosum-strigosum- littorale was studied during the conjugation process. When vegetative cells of opposite mating types were mixed under the nitrogen depleted mating conditions, the formation of conjugation-papilla and the release of the protoplast within the distended papilla from the gametangial cell were shown in both the paired and unpaired cells. The protoplasts of paired cells fused to form zygotes, while those of unpaired cells broke. When cells were mixed at a ratio of around 5 to 3 (mating type plus to mating type minus), sexual activation occurred at the highest frequency. Mixing at a ratio of 1 to 3, however, induced the highest frequency of disrupted cells. Mating type plus cells were found to be broken specifically when direct contact with mating type minus cells was prevented. This disruption seemed to be mediated by a factor secreted from mating type minus cells.
