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Hideki Takami, Miwa Goto, Wolfgang Gaessler, Yutaka Hayano, Masanori Iye, Yukiko Kamata, Tomio Kanzawa, Naoto Kobayashi, Yosuke Minowa, Shin Oya, Tae-Soo Pyo, David Saint-Jacques, Naruhisa Takato, Hiroshi Terada, Alan T. Tokunaga, Takashi Tsuji, Direct Observation of the Extended Molecular Atmosphere of |$o$| Ceti by Differential Spectral Imaging with an Adaptive Optics System, Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan, Volume 61, Issue 4, 25 August 2009, Pages 623–627, https://doi.org/10.1093/pasj/61.4.623
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Abstract
We present new measurements of the diameter of |$o$| Ceti (Mira) as a function of wavelength in the 2.2|$\mu$|m atmospheric window using the adaptive optics system and the infrared camera and spectrograph mounted on the Subaru Telescope. We found that the angular size of the star at the wavelengths of CO and H|$_2$|O absorption lines were up to twice as large as the continuum photosphere. This size difference is attributable to optically thick CO and H|$_2$|O molecular layers surrounding the photosphere. This measurement is the first direct differential spectroscopic imaging of stellar extension that resolves individual molecular lines with high spectral-resolution observations. This observation technique is extremely sensitive to differences in spatial profiles at different wavelengths; we show that a difference in diameter much smaller than the point spread function can be measured.