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Masahito Kubo, Kiyoshi Ichimoto, Toshifumi Shimizu, Saku Tsuneta, Yoshinori Suematsu, Yukio Katsukawa, Shin’ichi Nagata, Theodore D. Tarbell, Richard A. Shine, Alan M. Title, Zoe A. Frank, Bruce Lites, David Elmore, Formation of Moving Magnetic Features and Penumbral Magnetic Fields with Hinode/SOT, Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan, Volume 59, Issue sp3, 30 November 2007, Pages S607–S612, https://doi.org/10.1093/pasj/59.sp3.S607
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Abstract
Vector magnetic fields of moving magnetic features (MMFs) were well observed with the Solar Optical Telescope (SOT) aboard the Hinode satellite. We focused on the evolution of three MMFs with the SOT in this study. We found that an MMF having relatively vertical fields with the same polarity as the sunspot was detached from the penumbra around the granules appearing in the outer penumbra. This suggests that granular motions in the outer penumbra are responsible for disintegration of the sunspot. Two MMFs with polarity opposite to the sunspot are located around the outer edge of horizontal fields extending from the penumbra. This is evidence that the MMFs with polarity opposite to the sunspot are the prolongation of penumbral horizontal fields. Redshifts larger than the sonic velocity in the photosphere are detected for some of the MMFs with polarity opposite to the sunspot.