The WTO Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures: A Commentary (2nd Edition)
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The Scientific Turn The Scientific Turn
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The Committee System The Committee System
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Managing Institutional Complexity Managing Institutional Complexity
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Outline of the Volume Outline of the Volume
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Introduction to the First Edition
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Published:17 August 2023
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On 12 September 2006, The London Paper carried a story about ‘mad honey disease’, ‘one of the rarest killers in the world’ which is on the increase.1 The disease is attributed to honey from the flowers of rhododendron and azalea, mainly from Turkey, which contains toxins known as grayanotoxins. ‘Just a spoonful of the honey can be dangerous’, causing victims to suffer hallucinations, convulsions, low blood pressure, fainting and temporary heart problems. Consumption is rarely fatal. The author does not recognize the important trade dimension to this story. It is a dimension which implicates the World Trade Organization Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS Agreement). Restrictions on the importation of honey from Turkey, motivated by fears of ‘mad honey disease’, would be subject to the far-reaching disciplines of this agreement.
The SPS Agreement forms part of the Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization (WTO Agreement); the umbrella agreement regulating international trade relations among the 153 [now 164] Members. It covers measures applied to protect against a range of specified risks to animal, plant and human health, including those arising from additives, contaminants, toxins or disease-causing organisms in food.2 It is concerned with food safety regulation, and with the regulation of pests and diseases in agriculture.
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