...This book examines the processes by which biology, medicine, human determination, and the law bring babies into being. More specifically, it tackles the fundamental legal issues that underlie reproductive technologies, including assisted reproductive technology (ART). It highlights three distinct...

...This chapter examines the structural and cultural barriers to using assisted reproductive technology—barriers based on marital status, sexual orientation, and racial and ethnic background. There are numerous barriers to fertility, including financial difficulties. Some European countries provide...

...How we define who are the members of our family is evolving. With the medical advancements of assisted reproductive technology there are now more avenues for someone to become a parent. In contrast, adoption has deep roots in history, but there are new issues. For example, we know more about...

...This chapter first discusses the similarities and differences between adoption and assisted reproductive technology (ART). It then explains the legal and cultural aspects of secrecy in both the adoption and donor context. Finally, it turns to another family “secret”: incest. Incest has been...

...This chapter underscores the importance of developing a new framework that focuses on family and personhood in the assisted reproductive technology (ART) world; these foundational issues are currently muffled by laws devoted to medicine and technology. It first explains why the law should step...

...The birth of the first test tube baby in 1978 focused attention on the sweeping advances in assisted reproductive technology (ART), which is now a multi-billion-dollar business in the United States. Sperm and eggs are bought and sold in a market that has few barriers to its skyrocketing growth...

...This chapter considers the problematic and complicated status of legal regulation of three issues underlying assisted reproductive technology (ART) and other reproductive technologies: the market in gametes, the creation of familial relationships through ART, and the identity interests...

...This chapter considers the cost barrier to using assisted reproductive technology, with particular emphasis on the jurisprudential and practical issues surrounding the commodification of sperm, eggs, and embryos. It explores how questions relating to commodification—for example, price, market...

...This chapter examines the cultural and moral concerns arising from future regulation of assisted reproductive technology (ART) and other reproductive technologies, including the potential of ART to challenge the traditional two-parent heterosexual family and the ability of technology to allow...

... and lesbian couples from using assisted reproductive technology (ART), and that might upset the balance of parents' and children's rights. A final set of concerns relates to the potential for imposition of unwanted relationships, for undermining the integrity of the donor-conceived family, and for invading...