...This chapter interprets the argument Frantz Fanon makes throughout his corpus that blackness (as well as nativity) is an invented racial category created by the enslavers of Africans. It unfolds the ramifications of Fanon's sociogenic understanding of blackness in order to uncover what...

...This concluding chapter summarizes the book's main themes and presents some final thoughts. This book addresses three familiar tenets of “identity” analysis: (i) blackness is a construction, not an essence, which serves to shore up white identity and superiority; (ii) categories of race...

...Challenging the conception of empowerment associated with the Black Power Movement and its political and intellectual legacies in the present, this book contends that power can be found not only in martial resistance, but, surprisingly, where the black body has been inflicted with harm...

... and normative framework for the general reader and provides new insights for the specialist. The chapter opens with a brief history of key ideas and people—initial conditions, moral Blackness, international connections, and a disintegrating British colonialism—relevant to explaining ethnogenesis with regard...

...This chapter identifies people, events, and ideas that formed the cultural matrix out of which the Rastafari emerged. Starting with Reverend Alexander Bedward and his cultural compatriots, we see how Black Jamaican interests in healing and racial redemption provoked colonial authorities and other...

...The chapter examines how digital discipleship occurs among many young Black Christians seeking intimacy. It discusses the historical, digital, and theological relationship between white evangelicals and digital Black Christians through the lives of Joseph Solomon and Propaganda. Both...

... Vernacular English AAVE Black hypermasculinity comedians counteridentification Jewish masculinity racially queer race ambiguity and racial antisemitism Saturday Night Live voices bodies antisemitic racial stigmas white gentile masculinity colorism Boutros Alexandra chameleonic minstrelsy Couric...

...This chapter engages the creative and anti-hegemonic apertures that become possible from a diasporic space and imaginary by analyzing the cultural expressions, including literature, music, and performance, of several diasporic Dominican women. Building on black diasporic feminist theory...

...This chapter focuses on the ethnoracial meanings of gospel samba. This scene's self-identified negro musicians place little emphasis on ethnic blackness, as gospel samba is closely associated in the imagination of its artists with the imaginary place of the Brazilian nation...

...This chapter examines the transatlantic utility of Black freedom in internationally circulating representations. Drawing upon the transatlantic parlor as a metaphor of inter/national belonging and a place for situating Black domesticity in relation to slavery and abolition, the chapter considers...

...This introductory chapter ponders on Rastafari identity formation, citing both race and religion as central in becoming Rastafari. It briefly traces the origins of this identity in a morally configured orientation of Blackness in Jamaica, then explores how this identity eventually spread...

...In a culture dominated by discourses of “colorblindness” but still rife with structural racism, digital and social media have become a resource for Black Americans navigating a society that simultaneously perpetuates and obscures racial inequality. Though the Ferguson protests made such Black...

... between the value of community versus capitalism becomes articulated using literal and rhetorical references to blackness. The dynamics of choosing profit over people within the geopolitical locale of New York City ultimately trouble the work of creating audience empathy within Lin-Manuel Miranda’s...

... (Latinos of African ancestry) and should be rejected because of how it facilitates the anti-Black bias within Latino public identity, which is unlawful discrimination in civil rights law. Moreover, the proposed census reform will hinder an ability to collect the statistical data (racial statistics...

...Chapter two focuses on the Black Coptic community’s construction of a heroic identity that seeks to jettison notions of identity and race tethered to anti-Blackness. The chapter grapples with what it means for the Black Coptic Church to exist as an “earthly spiritual kingdom” in search of identity...

...The congealment of these themes is at the centre of the provocative, exposed performance pieces by black queer Cuban artist Carlos Martiel. This chapter reveals how Mexicanness and a framework of bottom performance as an aesthetic, analytic, and way of being in the world is hemispheric condition...

...In order to facilitate a fuller appreciation of the conceptions of ontology identified in Becoming Human, I pose three arguments that fundamentally reframe the animalization of blackness. First, I argue that philosophers’ and historians’ emphasis on antiblack formulations...

... of blackness’s bestialization and thingification: the process of imagining a black person as an empty vessel, a nonbeing, a nothing, an ontological zero, coupled with the violent imposition of colonial myths and racial hierarchy. In complementary but highly distinct ways, the literary and visual texts...

... powwow. A collaboration between Wab Kinew, Boogey the Beat, and Lorenzo, as well as Leonard Sumner’s solo songs and music by the Winnipeg Boyz, trace themes of urban Indigenous identity, police violence, and connections between hip hop storytelling and Anishinaabeg stories. Framings of Blackness...

...Chapter three deliberates the relationship between religious identity and religious practices. Moving beyond historical analysis, this chapter is attentive to how claims toward identity manifest in Black Coptic spiritual exercises and performances. This chapter investigates how practices...