... higher pensions did not augur the return of an extensive welfare state, as the government eliminated many benefits. At the same time, the government kept labor protections weak, and Russia’s labor market continues to be far more flexible than many other European countries. Encouraged by his liberal...

...This chapter focuses on Norman Manley, president of the Jamaica Welfare League, an organization of middle-class people founded in the 1930s to promote social and civic reforms in the island. Manley had eschewed any interest in electoral politics, preferring to concentrate on his very active...

...The introduction describes aspects of the state of foster care today, noting that child welfare professionals in the early twentieth century had been optimistic that they could create a much better system than what has emerged. The introduction also surveys relevant work by historians that has...

... of these systems and to the relationship between private and public systems of child welfare. The chapter also discusses the importance of the professionalization of the child welfare field in the early twentieth century, particularly the creation of the US Children’s Bureau and the Child Welfare League of America...

...This chapter addresses the significance of the New Deal to the development of publicly funded foster care and its relationship to the nascent welfare state. The chapter includes many first-hand accounts of parents turning to foster care because they could not provide both economic support...

...This chapter examines the impact of World War II, which increased the need for foster care, decreased the supply of foster parents, and exacerbated tensions over women’s roles as workers, mothers, and caregivers. In an effort to meet wartime needs for foster parents, child welfare professionals...

... none of its early proponents had envisioned. Initially seen as a temporary means of demonstrating US support for parents in the anti-Castro underground and of safeguarding the ideological and spiritual purity the island’s future leaders, it quickly ballooned into a comprehensive child welfare program...

... automobile manufacturing and predatory lending Atlanta City of Clean Water Act Feikens John Infrastructure Management Group Mercado Victor Michigan Welfare Rights Organization MWRO Werdlow Sean women Bush George W Clinton Bill deregulation Mahaffey Maryann Michigan Citizen Riehl John Aid...

... black freedom, feminism, welfare rights, Black Lives Matter, and Say Her Name. Black women’s prescient visions for economic justice, safety from violence, and legal equality remain more relevant than ever before. sit ins Terrell Mary Church Thompson’s Restaurant commissioners disfranchisement...

... discusses the National Irrigation Association's emphasis on the business benefits of homemaking in the West and proposed alternatives to homemaking, along with the significance of the Reclamation Act of 1902 to Maxwell's family ideal in relation to other social welfare reforms. Finally, it highlights...

...Although battling cancer, family deaths, and the financial crises of the Depression, Weil continued her fight to establish a welfare state. Her platforms included the Goldsboro Bureau for Social Service and the North Carolina Conference for Social Service. Weil served in New Deal agencies as chair...

...This chapter describes how union organizing developed as the gateway through which workers had to enter before they could fully access the most secure tier of the nation’s employer-centered social welfare system - - collective bargaining. It recounts how labor law’s protections for union organizing...

...- and early twentieth-century Jamaica, Guyana, and Barbados, officials deemed it necessary to replace the grannies with formally trained and certified midwives. As a result, race and class tensions arose. This chapter explores the introduction of infant and maternal welfare measures, including midwife...

... of American rebirth and regeneration. Finally, it looks at Reagan's new hegemonic synthesis in which he attacked the New Deal welfare state while restoring American military authority after the Vietnam debacle. American Creed Nationalism Black Terrorism Family and home American middle class affinity...

... antipoverty policy, Ronald Reagan's conservative approach, and Bill Clinton's welfare reform. The book examines the extent to which poverty and unemployment was tied to factors such as economic growth, racism, regional decline, automation, and people's lack of education and skills. It discusses the liberal...

... social concerns, since many states lacked adequate community-based mental health services. In Pennsylvania, Republican governor Dick Thornburgh closed mental hospitals and cut social welfare programs, strengthening neoliberalism in the state’s government. At the same time, he supported law and order...

.... This chapter catches the shift from Executive Director Kathy Goldman’s expansive vision of eradicating hunger to a defensive practice of damage control, as budget cuts and welfare reform ushered in a new common sense that increasingly sought to punish poor people out of poverty. The chapter also highlights...

...This book considers the daily lives of adolescent mothers as they negotiate the child welfare system to meet the needs of their children and themselves. Often categorized as dependent and delinquent, these young women routinely become wards of the state as they move across the legal and social...

...This chapter examines women's life circumstances by looking at those who turned to welfare to help support their families. It shows how the gendered construction of racialized urban poverty shaped women's need for welfare and explores recipients' evaluations of the benefits and burdens that the Aid...

...Immediately following the Garbage Offensive, the Young Lords established an office headquarters in East Harlem, deepened its ties to the welfare rights movement in New York and established a police-watch project in the community. The group also fortified its organizational structure. Two of its...