... with its grip on violence. This condition is exemplified when a black person is killed by police or a vigilante, in which the killer may remain free. Criminal laws, sentencing policies, and the prison system have facilitated the increase in incarceration rate between 1980 and early 2000s by nurturing...

...The chapter offers a study of changing social relations within the prison system during the transition from 60s-era activism to gang formation in the beginning decades of mass incarceration. Between the decades of the 1960s and 1990s, California experienced a societal shift within prisons from...

...In 1966, Black activist Angela Davis crossed the wall’s boundary into East Berlin as a philosophy graduate student. Davis spent most of her time in East Berlin and later channelled her experiences on both sides of the border toward becoming a leading voice contesting walls in the U.S. prison system...

... draws from a rich array of primary sources to piece together the stories of these women, recounting what they endured in Georgia's prison system and what their labor accomplished....

...This book offers a reconsideration of twentieth-century black activism, the prison system, and the origins of mass incarceration. Throughout the civil rights era, radical black activists thrust the prison into public view, turning prisoners into symbols of racial oppression while arguing...

...The chapter explores how memorial constructions of George Jackson’s resistance against California’s prison system provide a discursive symbol of prisoner liberation that stretches across time and space. Writing between traditions that have both excoriated Jackson as criminal and celebrated Jackson...