... labor had left a legacy of issues that would remain contested for the remainder of Presidential Reconstruction and beyond. Freepeople and their employers clashed. Former slaves complained about their treatment. The employers countered that the freedpeople worked poorly, resisted supervision, and behaved...

... and debt assumed signal importance in relationships between employers and laborers. Credit extended by employers to laborers Merchants Freedman's Bank Wages for agricultural labor Agricultural laborers Anne Arundel County MD Caldwell Parish LA Employers Eviction of freedpeople Tennessee Wage...

...This chapter describes how promoters and employers addressed the problem of labor by embracing an ideology that became a standard against which citizens of the community measured the reality they experienced. Civic leaders spoke and wrote of an industrial society in which white labor and white...

...This chapter examines the movement of former slaves after emancipation. Once they were free, former slaves could move to wherever they chose. The decision to move was made often under pressing circumstances, such as poverty or conditions of employment. Short moves were far more common than long...

...This chapter discusses the relations between iron workers and employers in Birmingham, which by the early 1890s, had reached a point of uneasy stability after years of conflict and tension. Skilled workers, through their organizations, enforced rules on the shop floor that reflected their sense...

...This chapter examines a wide variety of post-emancipation settings and contexts to determine how texts do or do not counter popular narratives about employers and domestic servants. The chapter first shows how some popular narratives privilege sentimental notions of “sisterhood.” Such narratives...

...Through the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, employers and powerful individuals deployed a variety of tactics to control ordinary people as they sought to secure power in and out of workplaces. In the face of worker resistance, employers and their allies collaborated to use a variety...