... and foreign merchants flourished. France Haitian Declaration of Independence Haitian Revolution Isolation Haitian Diplomatic recognition non recognition Economic recognition Freedom Hierarchy Power Race Racism Sovereignty Haitian Benton Lauren Merchants Clervaux Augustin Colonialism Economic...

...This chapter discusses farming, trading and merchants throughout the colonization of the New World. Starting with trouble in Roanoke, crops were unable to thrive due to the people being sick and a lack of care towards the plants. The daily struggle of merchants travelling through storm after storm...

...This chapter begins with a discussion of the rules according to which eighteenth-century marine insurance operated: the semi-mythological "laws of merchants," which Anglo-American merchants took very seriously, and which early modern insurers administered and interpreted. The chapter then turns...

... Racial categories Kingston Jamaica Jamaica Western Design Port Royal Imperial policies Royal African Company Women slaveowners Merchants Indentured servants Prisoners Atlantic slavery As Elizabeth Doddington sat amid the smoldering ruins of Port Royal writing her 1703 will, she decided to give...

..., Mandinka, Susu, Koranko, and Bamana. Bance Island Company of Merchants Trading to Africa Godfrey Caleb Grant & Oswald Grant Oswald & Co Great Britain Hare first voyage obtaining captives Hare first voyage ports of call Isles de Los Portugal Rum Sierra Leone Slave ships Slave trade...

... Manigault, a prominent Charles Town merchant. Manigault, assisted by his nephew William Banbury, sold the captives using a method known as the ‘scramble,’ in which buyers physically seized the captives they wished to purchase. Not all of the captives were sold in this way, so the sale continued for two more...

...Even as their Revolution freed Americans from direct British rule and from the East India Company’s monopoly, American merchants and consumers quickly entered into newly codependent relationships with Britain in the India trade. Americans were ideal partners for private British merchants seeking...

...In the mid-nineteenth century, Cuba's infamous “coolie” trade brought well over 100,000 Chinese indentured laborers to its shores. Though subjected to abominable conditions, they were followed during subsequent decades by smaller numbers of merchants, craftsmen, and free migrants searching...

...Chapter 3 focuses on the 1930s and 1940s when American influence was already recasting Rio’s commercial thoroughfares with the help of Brazilian merchants. Retailing in Rio, São Paulo, and other Brazilian cities began to emulate that of North America. These changes were part of a larger romance...

.... It lays out the ways in which insurance functioned as a form of merchant self-governance, which sometimes aligned with the American political project of self-governance and sometimes operated in tension with it. It demonstrates the political and social diversity of eighteenth-century marine insurers...

... Montreal Merchants’ Records Ouiatenon Miamitown Kethtippecanuck The decline of Indian communities has often been blamed on the destructive impact of the fur trade, an explanation that has masked the far more deleterious impact of American and Canadian greed for Indian land in the nineteenth century...

... of this era’s seaboard populations. As a Yankee, he was appalled by French immorality, Iberian laziness, Catholic superstition, and the evils of the slave trade, but he also expressed curiosity about and respect for Malay and Chinese merchants. As a clerk, mate, and supercargo, Bowditch encountered...

... Capital Chiefs Cloth Diplomacy Eu rope Factories Gunpowder Hunting territories Indians Jewelry Lead Maple sugar Merchants New York City Office of Indian Trade Saint Louis Towns American Transportation Wampum Bearskins Continental Army Deerskins Democratic Republicans Factory...

..., domestic contrabandists were mostly small-time traders earning a living outside of the law after being shut out of the lucrative legal cacao trades with Spain and Mexico by larger merchant and agricultural concerns. Yet, unlike non-Spanish smugglers, Venezuelan participants in illegal trade had to make...

... marauding in North American maritime communities. This chapter considers how port towns in the Red Sea adapted to the influx of transient seamen and discusses the aristocratization of ballad criminals such as Robin Hood and Henry Every. It also explores the impact of Red Sea piracy on colonial merchants...

...This book documents the Atlantic slave trade involving hundreds of thousands of captive Africans who, after the Middle Passage, were forced to travel across the Atlantic, only to be sold to colonial merchants and then transshipped to other colonies for resale. It examines the facets...

... of captives to colonial merchants and their return to sea within days or weeks of their first arrival in America. The chapter considers one source that provides evidence of the African captives’ actual journeys: the autobiography of Olaudah Equiano (also know as Gustavus Vassa). Based on Equiano’s eyewitness...

... management illustrates the actions of local fishermen and the damages done to them during and after the gold rush. The investigation of commercial fishery provides insight on the Murray Darling river system, the labouring of the Yorta Yorta people, and Chinese merchants and fishermen. Local fishermen argued...

... wealthy merchants who participated in privateering ventures while others operated small-scale shops and taverns. The majority of Kingston’s women entrepreneurs were also enslavers. After gaining a monopoly on the slave trade with the Spanish Empire, the South Sea Company made Kingston its base. The city’s...

... Gardner George Newport Mercury Hammond John Arnold Newport Rhode Island Merchants Rum Economy Slave trade Ports Trade Caribbean There was nothing remarkable about the vessel moored at Malbone’s Wharf in late June 1754. A single-masted sloop of about fifty feet in length, the Hare...