... research Fulgencio Batista Zaldívar Fidel Castro Rafael Trujillo François Duvalier Cold War Decolonization The radio researchers were hired to walk Cuba’s streets and listen. As they passed each household in their assigned neighborhood, they were to count all the radios they could hear...

... Republic Colombia Dominican Republic Haiti New Right Nicaragua Venezuela Miami and Miami Beach Zoning laws La Paloma Jewel Box Revue Lavender scare Cuban Revolution of 1959 Fidel Castro Urban renewal Colored Town Homophile activism “We don’t want [sexual] perverts to set up housekeeping...

... administration Autonomous groups Attwood William Harriman W Averell Lechuga Carlos United Nations UN Mexico US-Cuban relations John F. Kennedy Fidel Castro diplomacy foreign relations foreign policy rapprochement Cuba policy The President does not agree that we should make the breaking of Sino...

... Development Military Aid Counterinsurgency training Kennedy Administration Socioeconomic reform Covert action Fidel Castro In his inaugural address, President Kennedy spoke of “the power to abolish all forms of human poverty and all forms of human life.” He addressed the Western Hemisphere...

... relations with Havana. And for Fidel Castro, improving relations with Washington was just one of several competing foreign policy objectives. Brzezinski Zbigniew Carter Jimmy Carter administration Carter Center —during Carter administration Latin America Pastor Robert Cubana Airlines flight...

... Japan KLM Airlines Protestants Castro policies against Spain Switzerland Working class Cubans Primary education Cold War Cuban independence struggle Cuban republican period 1902–58 children Fidel Castro Cuban Revolution counterrevolution nation-making radicalization Between 1960 and 1961...

...This chapter consists of two transcribed recordings that Mills made detailing his experiences and conversations with Fidel Castro. These are important not only because they offer a firsthand account of Mills’s conference with the Prime Minister, but because they also reveal Mills’s impressions...

... Augusto Risquet Jorge United Civic Youth Fernández Padilla Oscar Revolutionaries black Wilson René Integration racial Armada Santiago Armas Chago Julito Bidopia Arsenio Miko Antiracism Fulgencio Batista Racial discrimination 26th of July Movement (M 26-7) Fidel Castro Cuban newspapers...

...Fidel Castro explicitly rooted the grand narrative of redemption in the teachings of Jesus Christ and the rituals of Catholic Christianity amid a context of national crisis. This chapter focuses on Fidel's appeals to Christian-inspired notions of justice and the citizens' response to them...

...After 1961, Fidel Castro inaugurated a new set of purely fidelista political sacraments and rituals, including group meditation on Fidel's own speeches and house-to-house visits by Communist proselytizers as a way of cleansing doubt from the consciousness of workers and peasants...

...This chapter discusses Fidel Castro's economic reforms called “La Ofensiva Revolucionaria.” These reforms are aimed at rectifying the ideological backsliding among loyal citizens that Fidel blamed for Cuba's long-standing economic stagnation. It also examines the Zafra de los Diez Millones, the 10...

...This chapter surveys the way that Sánchez—as the most visible female revolutionary and the one most closely associated with its famous leader—was imagined within the U.S. press. U.S. newspapers initially offered an adulatory, even romanticized, portrait of Sánchez’s relationship with Fidel Castro...

...Celia Sánchez Manduley (1920–1980) is famous for her role in the Cuban revolution. Clad in her military fatigues, this “first female guerrilla of the Sierra Maestra” is seen in many photographs alongside Fidel Castro. Sánchez joined the movement in her early thirties, initially as an arms runner...

... of the Cuban government. Two weeks later, he was handed a sobering answer from an interagency committee chaired by Assistant Secretary of Defense Paul Nitze: overthrowing Fidel Castro would be too expensive. An invasion would involve many civilian casualties and imperil the U.S. position of leadership...

... to do. “The chickens are coming home to roost,” Al Gore had told Floridians in 1993, just as Cuba's economy was hitting rock bottom. President-elect Bush clearly owed a debt to Cuban Americans, and Fidel Castro warned that the island could become the target of “the hatred of the most extremist...

...This chapter discusses the time when Fidel Castro heard that Salvador Allende had narrowly won Chile's presidential election late at night on 4 September 1970. “The miracle has happened!” Castro exclaimed, when Luis Fernandez Ona walked through the door. Ona then joined Castro, Manuel Pineiro...

... Psychology (Cuba) Psychiatry (Cuba) Fidel Castro In 1960, a group of students from the University of Havana set out with their instructor, psychologist Aníbal Rodríguez, to measure the psychological impact of the Revolution on everyday Cubans. Armed with a questionnaire, they asked one hundred subjects...

... Nations African American tourism Fidel Castro Joe Louis Cuban National Tourist Institute (INIT) In September 1960, leaders from Havana’s National Executive Committee of Orientation and Integration, among them Afro-Cuban communist Salvador García Agüero, declared a “Week of Solidarity with the U.S...

..., the laxness of the Cuban judiciary allowed drug traffickers to escape punishment. Batista's detractors accused him of corruption and of governing dictatorially, but they never charged that he was linked to drug trafficking. Even Fidel Castro did not include such an allegation in the manifesto he issued prior...

...This chapter focuses on the period after the Batista dictatorship. In a statement to a New York City newspaper in April 1958, Ernesto Betancourt, then serving as Fidel Castro's spokesman and representative in the United States, had declared that when Batista fell and Castro assumed power, the new...