...This chapter shows how the treaty ending the Spanish-American War of 1898 guaranteed independence from Spain. However, the birth of the Cuban nation was ushered in by U.S. imperial interventions in the years 1899–1902 and 1906–9. The Platt Amendment ensured the right of the United States...

...This chapter discusses how a diverse population of Cuban refugees came together and forged a powerful moral consensus on the need to suppress political differences in order to defeat Castro and restore the Cuban nation to their sons and daughters. However, the community's growing sense of unity...