
Contents
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Foundations of the Chilean Welfare State Foundations of the Chilean Welfare State
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The Vanguardia Médica and the Organization of the Medical Profession The Vanguardia Médica and the Organization of the Medical Profession
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AMECH and the Embrace of Socialized Medicine AMECH and the Embrace of Socialized Medicine
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Conservative Reformism in Social Medicine Conservative Reformism in Social Medicine
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Allende’s La realidad medico-social chilena: A Critical Reading Allende’s La realidad medico-social chilena: A Critical Reading
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Health Politics: Pluralism and Paradoxes Health Politics: Pluralism and Paradoxes
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Three Politics: Social Medicine and Health Reform in Chile
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Published:August 2023
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Abstract
This chapter reexamines the conventional narrative of Chilean social medicine by moving Salvador Allende out of the spotlight, highlighting the institutional structures developed ahead of his involvement, including an obligatory state-run social insurance system; discussing other key figures, include Allende’s (usual) allies in the AMECH (the Chilean Medical Association) as well as his influential rival, Eduardo Cruz-Coke, whose social medicine thought drew on Catholic social doctrine, not socialism; and presenting social medicine as a relatively open domain that encompassed varied analytics of the political, economic, and social causes of health crisis, while entertaining a world of alternative models for constructing a strong welfare state that would protect public health via the management of technical and scientific experts. Amidst ideological conflicts, comity was maintained through practices of professional deference and mutual respect, well-developed social networks, and recognition of shared class interests. Social medicine was a fluid field of policy experiment, where participants drew inspiration from a hodgepodge of internationally available health policy options and worked to adapt them to their subjective impressions of Chilean realities.
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