MPC-04 Utility of comprehensive cancer genome analysis for brain tumors Open Access

Objective: Our hospital has been designated as a cancer genome medical cooperation hospital, and it is our responsibility to play a central role in cancer medicine. We were one of the first local hospitals to clinically apply cancer genome analysis, and in January 2019, we started PleSsision-Rapid testing as a clinical study without patient burden. This study examines data from patients with brain tumors, subjects it to cancer genome analysis, and reports on its utility and efficacy.

Method: Genome analysis was performed by PleSsision-Rapid examination for patients with brain tumors who underwent surgery between January 2019 and July 2020. Tissue DNA extracted from pathological specimens was used to perform next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis. In the PleSsision-Rapid test, 160 genes are comprehensively analyzed, examined by genomics, and evaluated for the presence or absence of actionable and druggable mutations, and the mutation rate is determined.

Results: There were 15 cases total. Histopathological diagnoses included glioblastoma (n=5), diffuse astrocytoma (n=1), metastatic brain tumor (n=4), meningioma (n=2), central nervous system primary malignant lymphoma (n=1), germinoma (n=1), and Langerhans cell histiocytosis (n=1). Of these 15 brain tumor cases, actionable mutations were detected in 80.0% of cases and druggable mutations were detected in 66.6%. The average mutation rate was 8.59±5.32 (range, 1.3 to 22.8) per patient.

Conclusion: Although future improvements will be needed for cancer genome analysis in brain tumors, this strategy may be useful for the selection of molecularly targeted drugs with high antitumor efficacy. We will continue to accumulate and study such cases in the future.