...Philosophical reflection on perceptual consciousness has typically adopted a modality-specific perspective as its point of departure. According to this approach, an account of perceptual consciousness as a whole will simply fall out of an account of each of the various perceptual modalities...

...The debate about the unity of consciousness in split-brain subjects has for the most part been pitched between two positions: that a split-brain subject has a single, unified stream of consciousness, or that she has two streams of consciousness, one associated with each hemisphere. A prima facie...

...In this chapter, Robert Van Gulick offers an alternative view of conscious unity that relies on a realist interpretation of the virtual self.He distinguishes the diversity of ways in which consciousness may be unified, with special attention to the difference between representational unity...

... Lowenstein G A risk Kouider S attentional blink blindsight consciousness conscious processing masking nonconscious processing subjective reporting unconscious processing Del Cul A Lau H C Naccache L Passingham R E Pessiglione M Vorberg D priming Fries P Joordens S Kunde W Melloni L...

... conscious supervision. Unconscious or “intuitive” decisions are often the best, and many successful decisions occur in an automatized manner, in highly over-practiced situations. This does not diminish the larger role of consciousness in cognition, because, when necessary, decision makers retain the option...

...The notion that consciousness does not cause voluntary behavior in humans has found support in William James and Sigmund Freud. In his 1890 classic The Principles of Psychology, James argued against what he terms “the automaton theory” proposed by Thomas Huxley, who compared mental...

... explored our consciousness of the consequences of our actions and how this “self-monitoring” system distinguishes between self and other. In particular, it reviews psychological research on the conscious experience of willed action and neurophysiological experiments that probed its possible underlying...

... experiments that show how the brain generates action and addresses the question of whether consciousness causes or results from the initiation of action. It also considers whether activity in the supplementary motor area (SMA), which lies at the midline on the medial surface of the hemisphere, is necessary...

... considers whether we experience our actions as caused by consciousness. It also looks at the argument from eliminativism. Conscious will Matching model Wegner D Penfield actions Intentions Experiments Exclusivity Action projection Eliminativism Ginet C O’Connor T action Daniel Wegner conscious...

... these developments may have on legal, social, and moral judgments of responsibility and blame. It discusses conscious intention as a problem in neurobiology and how consciousness is related to volition and misbehavior, first by analyzing mental causation and freedom of the will and the results of experiments...

...This chapter considers the implications of Radical Enactive Cognition for thinking about phenomenal consciousness. Does REC imply the conclusions about the extent of phenomenality that many enactivists argue for? Is there any compelling reason to suppose that phenomenality is extensive? The answers...

... and plans based on previous experience, and to modify behavior quickly in accord with new demands all increased with the rise of consciousness. Animals Awareness Brain Cognition Empathy Language Neurons Self Self reflection Tetrapods Limbic system Self recognition Humans Learning Environments...

...This chapter discusses the relationship of purposeful choice-making behavior to the directional bias of naturally occurring complex systems ruled by thermodynamics. It argues that the sensitivities and responses of consciousness in humans and others emerge from naturally complex energy-driven...

... consciousness and subjective character is necessary: all phenomenally conscious states must exhibit this mine-ness. Such theories include higher-order and self-representational theories. Billon and Kriegel consider a prima facie threat to subjectivity theories from cases of patients suffering from thought...

...Myrto Mylopoulos discusses the traditionally neglected phenomenon of action consciousness and its breakdowns in pathological conditions. She introduces a novel framework for understanding action consciousness, which parallels one that is used to discuss state consciousness. In particular, she...

...Timothy Lane offers a wide ranging commentary where he responds to Billon and Kriegel, Mylopoulos, and Gennaro. He also clarifies and further develops some of his influential previous work in this area. Subjectivity theories of consciousness take self-reference as essential to having conscious...

...-consciousness exist and are sometimes even functionally adequate, for individual human persons as well as in an evolutionary context? Metzinger T Phenomenal self model PSM Self consciousness Self model theory of subjectivity SMT Introspection Terror management theory TMT Transparency Funkhouser E Hohwy...

...Robert Van Gulick explains how integration and unity play an important role in a number of current theories and models of consciousness. Normal consciousness is unified in a variety of ways but many disorders of disunity can also occur. What can we learn from them about consciousness and unity...

... with similar data from other psychopathologies may help shed light on the current debate in the consciousness literature about whether conscious states require prefrontal and parietal/temporal connectivity. If it can be shown that people with autism (or any other psychopathology) have conscious states despite...

...How do people decide what, and how much, to eat? There is considerable evidence that many of our food decisions are made mindlessly, without our awareness (Wansink, 2006); but even when we do consider them consciously, we are likely to make quick choices without much consideration. This fits...