
Contents
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On the Appropriation of Empirical Facts On the Appropriation of Empirical Facts
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Where Are the Settlements Now? Where Are the Settlements Now?
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A View of Har Homa, the View from Har Homa A View of Har Homa, the View from Har Homa
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The Power of Observation The Power of Observation
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Triangulating Standpoints: Observations Are Made in Landscapes Triangulating Standpoints: Observations Are Made in Landscapes
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Triangulating Standpoint Theories Triangulating Standpoint Theories
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Mapping Israeli Settlements: An Atlas of Dirt Mapping Israeli Settlements: An Atlas of Dirt
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Settlements from within: Maps without Military Bases Settlements from within: Maps without Military Bases
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Mapping Palestinian Communities: Inside Out in Palestine Mapping Palestinian Communities: Inside Out in Palestine
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Palestinian Communities from within: Visualizing a Politics of Cultivation Palestinian Communities from within: Visualizing a Politics of Cultivation
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Palestinian Communities from within: Judging the Land, from Inside an Office Palestinian Communities from within: Judging the Land, from Inside an Office
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The West Bank from within: Fields Scattered with Maps The West Bank from within: Fields Scattered with Maps
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Palestinian Communities from without: The Borders between Data Sets Palestinian Communities from without: The Borders between Data Sets
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Validating the View from the Top of the Wall Validating the View from the Top of the Wall
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Refracted Maps Refracted Maps
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5 Validating Segregated Observers: Mapping West Bank Settlements from Without and Within
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Published:June 2017
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Abstract
Chapter 5, “Validating Segregated Observers”, explores the intricate ways that the Israeli occupation shapes empirical observations. Through a critique of feminist standpoint theory and Donna Haraway’s work on situated knowledge, it shows how the most well meaning maps can be drastically different depending on who makes them. After 1967 Israeli settlers have increasingly moved to the West Bank, establishing diffuse but numerous settlements that dominate the landscape, engendering forms of segregation that are both rigid and complex. As a result, Palestinians see different parts of the landscape, and under tougher restrictions, than do Israelis, and vice versa. For example, cartographers in Palestinian non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are able to collect map data only within Palestinian areas, and must view the Israeli settlements from without. This produces a dichotomy between, and enforces a drastically unequal separation of, Palestinians and Israelis. It also buttresses imbalances of power in international technoscience, influencing even the most apparently objective, empirical knowledge. Chapter 5 explores the (by no means straightforward) implications of this segregation in detail, while also introducing the notion of refractivity, or material and spatial reflexivity. Throughout, it seeks to understand how cartographers in organizations who use the same tools to map the same landscapes can produce different results.
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