Abstract

Several texts in Job and Psalms demonstrate an awareness of the limits of bodily metaphors for deity, even while using those metaphors as stand-ins for divine knowledge, morality, and agency. These texts work out their understanding of Yhwh’s body through contrasts with other bodies, divine or human, which are epistemically flawed, used for immoral ends, and ultimately lacking in agency. Since they predate Philo’s arguments for a disembodied God, these texts demonstrate an important step in Israel’s developing ideas about the nature of God.

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