... of EU competition law. evidence expert report public enforcement private enforcement rules of procedure EU general court legal certainty uniform application A11 A12 K21 K40 K41 K49 Within the landscape of decentralized application of European competition law, this article aims to explore...

... If one considers that not all harm can be remedied ex post, which is the case for instance as regards the dead-weight loss, the relative importance of the indirect mechanism will be even bigger. Predictability of competition law enforcement, often also called legal certainty, refers to how likely...

... for certain cities to adopt one strategy as opposed to another, and to move between strategies and on potential consequences for legal certainty. 21 01 2020 01 06 2020 © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press. 2021 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms...

... of the case-law legal certainty K21: Antitrust Law K41: Litigation Process It is common ground that competition law is a complex field. I approached this field of law in different capacities—as an academic, a practitioner, and a judge—and I am still trying to understand why its complexity looks so...

... in which this approach is regulated under the Air Quality Directive, the National Emission Ceilings Directive, the Nitrates Directive and the Water Framework Directive reveals room for improving adaptability and legal certainty. In light of the positive effects that a programmatic approach can have...

... be faced with instances of decisional inconsistencies and arbitrary treatment, with only limited scope for appeals before the Courts in Luxembourg. In a way, commitment decisions create legal certainty for the parties to a proceeding: the investigated company assumes specific obligations regarding certain...