... of encouraging uniformity in the application of the Convention across Contracting States. The focus of the article is on the topics of jurisdiction and recognition and enforcement. The article concludes that, overall, the Convention mechanism is fully capable of securing adequate cross-border child protection...

... the enforceability of such awards. Tribunals can avoid this problem by expressly explaining the basis of their authority to adjudicate costs in their awards. authority cost awards jurisdiction negative cost award negative jurisdictional award recognition and enforcement It is common for arbitral tribunals...

... of the common law rules governing both the adjudicatory jurisdiction of local courts and the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments. The author’s principal contention is that the so-called ‘principles’ of presence and submission, which are central tenets of English private international law...