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Flavia Ferrantelli, Robert A. Rasmussen, Kathleen A. Buckley, Pei-Lin Li, Tao Wang, David C. Montefiori, Hermann Katinger, Gabriela Stiegler, Daniel C. Anderson, Harold M. McClure, Ruth M. Ruprecht, Complete Protection of Neonatal Rhesus Macaques against Oral Exposure to Pathogenic Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus by Human Anti-HIV Monoclonal Antibodies, The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 189, Issue 12, 15 June 2004, Pages 2167–2173, https://doi.org/10.1086/420833
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Abstract
Because milk-borne transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diminishes the benefits of perinatal antiviral drug therapy in developing countries, we have developed a new strategy to prevent postnatal and, possibly, intrapartum virus transmission in a primate model. Eight neonatal rhesus macaques were exposed orally to pathogenic simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV); 4 neonates were then given intramuscular postexposure prophylaxis with 3 anti-HIV human neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (nMAbs) with potent cross-clade and cross-group neutralization activity. Untreated infants experienced high viral RNA levels and CD4+ T-cell losses and died (median survival time, 5.5 weeks). In contrast, all 4 nMAb-treated neonates were protected from infection (P =.028); their plasma, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and lymph nodes remained virus negative for >1 year. These data are important for designing clinical trials in human neonates and have general implications for AIDS vaccine development, as the epitopes recognized by the 3 nMAbs are conserved among diverse primary isolates.
- hiv
- aids vaccines
- monoclonal antibodies
- antiviral agents
- developing countries
- epitopes
- infant
- newborn
- intramuscular injections
- macaca mulatta
- milk
- plasma
- primates
- rna, viral
- t-lymphocytes
- infections
- lymph nodes
- viruses
- perinatal period
- post-exposure prophylaxis
- simian-human immunodeficiency virus
- hiv transmission
- median survival time
- peripheral blood mononuclear cell
- neutralization