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Joan H. Skurnick, Paul Palumbo, Anthony DeVico, Barbara L. Shacklett, Fred T. Valentine, Michael Merges, Roberta Kamin-Lewis, Jiri Mestecky, Thomas Denny, George K. Lewis, Joan Lloyd, Robert Praschunus, Amanda Baker, Douglas F. Nixon, Sharon Stranford, Robert Gallo, Sten H. Vermund, Donald B. Louria, Correlates of Nontransmission in US Women at High Risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection through Sexual Exposure, The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 185, Issue 4, 15 February 2002, Pages 428–438, https://doi.org/10.1086/338830
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Abstract
Seventeen women who were persistently uninfected by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), despite repeated sexual exposure, and 12 of their HIV-positive male partners were studied for antiviral correlates of nontransmission. Thirteen women had ⩾1 immune response in the form of CD8 cell noncytotoxic HIV-1 suppressive activity, proliferative CD4 cell response to HIV antigens, CD8 cell production of macrophage inflammatory protein-1β, or ELISPOT assay for HIV-1-specific interferon-γ secretion. The male HIV-positive partners without AIDS had extremely high CD8 cell counts. All 8 male partners evaluated showed CD8 cell-related cytotoxic HIV suppressive activity. Reduced CD4 cell susceptibility to infection, neutralizing antibody, single-cell cytokine production, and local antibody in the women played no apparent protective role. These observations suggest that the primary protective factor is CD8 cell activity in both the HIV-positive donor and the HIV-negative partner. These findings have substantial implications for vaccine development.
- cytokine
- hiv
- acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
- immune response
- antiviral agents
- bodily secretions
- cd8-positive t-lymphocytes
- hiv antigens
- hiv seropositivity
- hiv-1
- interferons
- macrophages
- infections
- antibodies
- protective factors
- human leukocyte interferon
- enzyme linked immunospot assay
- neutralizing antibodies
- hiv-1 infection
- vaccine development
- donors