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Karen Sleeman, Kyle Knox, Robert George, Elizabeth Miller, Pauline Waight, David Griffiths, A. Efstratiou, K. Broughton, Richard T. Mayon-White, E. R. Moxon, D. W. Crook, on Behalf of the Public Health Laboratory Service and the Oxford Pneumococcal Surveillance Group, Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in England and Wales: Vaccination Implications, The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 183, Issue 2, 15 January 2001, Pages 239–246, https://doi.org/10.1086/317924
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Abstract
Knowledge of the epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) will aid in planning the use of pneumococcal vaccines. A United Kingdom (UK)—based surveillance in England and Wales (1995–1997) of 11,528 individuals with IPD and a local enhanced surveillance in the Oxford (UK) area (1995–1999) have been analyzed. IPD has a high attack rate in children, with 37.1–48.1 cases per 100,000 infants <1 year old per year, and in older persons, with 21.2–36.2 cases per 100,000 persons >65 years old per year, for England, Wales, and Oxford. The 7-valent conjugate vaccine includes serotypes causing ⩽79% of IPD in children <5 years old, but only 66% in adults >65 years old. The data also indicate that IPD varies by serotype, age, and country, emphasizing that the epidemiology of IPD is heterogeneous and requires continued surveillance.