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Geethanjali Dornadula, Giuseppe Nunnari, Michelle Vanella, Jeanette Roman, Timothy Babinchak, Joseph DeSimone, John Stern, Michael Braffman, Hui Zhang, Roger J. Pomerantz, Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1–Infected Persons with Residual Disease and Virus Reservoirs on Suppressive Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Can Be Stratified into Relevant Virologic and Immunologic Subgroups, The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 183, Issue 11, 1 June 2001, Pages 1682–1687, https://doi.org/10.1086/320715
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Abstract
A significant percentage of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)–infected persons treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) will develop plasma HIV-1–specific virion RNA levels <50 copies/mL. HIV-1–infected persons receiving virally suppressive HAART were studied with a viral outgrowth assay of the patients’ peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and a quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay was used to analyze HIV-1 2–long terminal repeat (2-LTR) circular DNA in PBMC, which indicates new HIV-1 infections of cells in vivo. Viral outgrowth in vitro correlated inversely with the level of peripheral blood CD4+ T lymphocytes. Detection and quantitation of 2-LTR circular DNA correlated strongly with viral outgrowth patterns and inversely with CD4+ T lymphocyte counts. Relevant subgroups of HIV-1–infected subjects on suppressive HAART with residual viral disease and reservoirs can now be stratified