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Nadia Mozzato-Chamay, Olaimatu S. M. Mahdi, Ousman Jallow, David C. W. Mabey, Robin L. Bailey, David J. Conway, Polymorphisms in Candidate Genes and Risk of Scarring Trachoma in a Chlamydia trachomatis—Endemic Population, The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 182, Issue 5, November 2000, Pages 1545–1548, https://doi.org/10.1086/315891
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Abstract
Genes involved in regulating antimicrobial immunity and inflammation may modulate the risk of tissue scarring and fibrosis in chlamydial diseases such as trachoma. By use of a large case-control study of scarring trachoma in The Gambia, the importance of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in several candidate genes was investigated. Overall, no significant differences were found between patients and control subjects in genotype frequencies for polymorphisms in cytokine promoters interleukin (IL)—10 (positions -1082, -819, -592), IL-4 (-590), or tumor necrosis factor—α (-376) or for codon 57 of the mannose-binding protein. Among the ethnic groups in the study, Mandinkas had the highest frequency of the IL-10–1082G allele (0.36). Within this ethnic group, the IL-10–1082G homozygote genotype was significantly more common among case patients than control subjects (odds ratio, 5.10; 95% confidence interval, 1.24–24.2; P = .009). This single association is consistent with data indicating that the IL-10–1082G allele is associated with higher levels of IL-10 transcription and that Th2-type immune responses are associated with risk of chlamydial disease.