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Antonella Mencacci, Elio Cenci, Angela Bacci, Francesco Bistoni, Luigina Romani, Host Immune Reactivity Determines the Efficacy of Combination Immunotherapy and Antifungal Chemotherapy in Candidiasis, The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 181, Issue 2, February 2000, Pages 686–694, https://doi.org/10.1086/315277
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Abstract
In immunocompetent mice with candidiasis, successful therapy with amphotericin B and fluconazole relies on the induction of protective, T helper (Th) type 1 responses, an effect potentiated by concomitant interleukin (IL)-4 neutralization. To assess the therapeutic efficacy of combined treatments with antifungals and immunomodulators in conditions of immunosuppression, leukopenic or neutropenic mice with disseminated candidiasis were treated with amphotericin B or fluconazole alone or in combination with soluble IL-4 receptor (sIL-4R) or recombinant (r) IL-12 or IL-10 neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. We found that (1) the synergistic effect of sIL-4R and antifungals is retained in immunocompromised mice; (2) synergism with amphotericin B was superior to that with fluconazole, particularly in leukopenic mice; (3) rIL-12 synergized with fluconazole in neutropenic mice; and (4) IL-10 neutralization was always of limited efficacy. This study indicates that the therapeutic efficacy of antifungals is differentially potentiated by cytokines or cytokine antagonists and is influenced by host immune reactivity.
- cytokine
- amphotericin b
- antifungal agents
- candidiasis
- chemotherapy regimen
- neutropenia
- disseminated candidiasis
- immunologic adjuvants
- monoclonal antibodies
- fluconazole
- immunocompromised host
- immunotherapy
- interleukin-10
- interleukin-12
- interleukins
- leukopenia
- psychotherapy, multiple
- mice
- squamous intraepithelial lesions
- pmel17
- neutralization
- host (organism)