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Sarah F. Lockett, Alicia Alonso, Rona Wyld, Maureen P. Martin, J. Roy Robertson, Sheila M. Gore, Clifford L. S. Leen, Ray P. Brettle, David L. Yirrell, Mary Carrington, Andrew J. Leigh Brown, Effect of Chemokine Receptor Mutations on Heterosexual Human Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission, The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 180, Issue 3, September 1999, Pages 614–620, https://doi.org/10.1086/314918
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Abstract
To assess the effect of mutations at the CCR-2 and CCR-5 loci on heterosexual human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission, 144 persons heterosexually exposed to HIV (infected and uninfected [EU]) and 57 HIV-positive index partners were genotyped. A significantly higher frequency of 64I heterozygotes at CCR-2 was observed in HIV-positive than in EU women (P = .02, relative risk = .16). The allele frequency of 64I in women was 8% in HIV-positive contacts and 1% in EUs (P < .02). At CCR-5, no difference in the frequency of D32 was seen between groups, and the CCR-5 genotypes did not differ in accumulated “at-risk” exposure in EUs. Combining the analysis of the D32 and 64I mutations in index partners suggested an additive effect on transmission (P = .10). Thus heterozygosity for 64I at CCR-2 acts as a risk factor for HIV infection of women after heterosexual contact but heterozygosity for D32 at CCR-5 has no detectable effect.