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D. Heather Watts, Zane A. Brown, Teresa Tartaglione, Sandra K. Burchett, Kent Opheim, Robert Coombs, Lawrence Corey, Pharmacokinetic Disposition of Zidovudine during Pregnancy, The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 163, Issue 2, February 1991, Pages 226–232, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/163.2.226
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Abstract
Zidovudine pharmacokinetics was determined in three human immunodeficiency virus type I-seropositive women receiving zidovudine (200 mg orally every 4 h) from 19 to 39 weeks ofpregnancy and postpartum. Zidovudine concentrations were measured using high-pressure liquid chromatography, and pharmacokinetic analyses were done using model-independent methods. For the pregnant versus postpartum periods, peak zidovudine levels (mean ± 1 SD) were 3.9 ± 1.7 µmol/l versus 4.3 ± 0.04 µmol/l (P = .56); elimination half-lives were 1.3 ± 0.6 versus 1.0 ± 0.3 h (P = .41); areas under the concentration curve were 4.5 ± 1.0 µmol/l × hand 6.8 ± 0.5 µmol/l × h (P = .02); apparent total body clearances were 2.5 ± 0.6/1h/kg and 1.7 ± 0.4 l/h/kg (P = .05); and apparent steady state volumes of distribution were 3.9 ± 1.0 1/kg and 2.6 ± 0.81/kg (P = .07), respectively. Umbilical cord serum levels ranged from 113%–127% of maternal levels. No persistent adverse effects of zidovudine therapy were seen in the three women or their babies.