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IN THIS ISSUE, International Immunology, Volume 23, Issue 6, June 2011, Page NP, https://doi.org/10.1093/intimm/dxr036
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Extract
LPS induces TLR3 in human monocytes
In this paper, Pan et al. (p. 357) show that bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces expression of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) in human blood monocytes and delineate the signalling pathways. Pre-treatment with LPS enables monocytes to respond to poly(I:C). Bacterial infection may thus enhance monocyte anti-viral responses. The authors also show that a deubiquitinase, CYLD, inhibits this process.
More-potent Tregs develop in the absence of autoantigen
Koyasu and colleagues (p. 365) examine CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) in suppressing anti-desmoglein 3 (Dsg3)-mediated pemphigus vulgaris in Rag2–/– mice. Comparing Tregs from wild-type and Dsg3–/– mice, the authors show that target antigen expression is not required for Treg development; indeed a lack of antigen in the donor enhances the potency of Tregs in the host.
NFI-A is required for T cell activation
Nuclear factor I (NFI) transcription factors are involved in granulocyte differentiation; here, Muthusamy et al. (p. 375) report on NFI-A in lymphocyte development and function using knockout mice. Deficiency in NFI-A leads to reduced thymus size and cellularity. For the first time, the authors show a requirement for NF-IA in antigen-receptor-mediated T cell activation, proliferation and cell-cycle progression.
