...This chapter describes major structures built from 1889 to 1904, many of which used skins of lightweight terra-cotta and glass that exploited new wind-bracing techniques and depressed glass prices to achieve unprecedented transparency. The flourishing of lightweight skins supported by rigid steel...

...This chapter describes major structures built from 1890 to 1897, many of which featured wind-braced frames that used steel to reduce spatially inefficient masonry walls and piers. Before the late nineteenth century, wind bracing had rarely been more than a minor consideration in structural...